THE ROOTS OF COINCIDENCE

Arthur Koestler

1972

 Page 88 

"Euclidian geometries, invented by earlier mathematicians more or less as a game, provided the basis for his relativistic cosmology

Another great physicist whose thoughts moved in a similar direction was Wolfgang Pauli.

At the end of the 1932 conference on nuclear physics in Copenhagen the participants, as was their custom on these occasions, performed a skit full of that quantum humour of which we have already had a few samples. In that particular year they produced a parody of Goethe's Faust, in which Wolfgang Pauli was cast in the role of Mephistopheles; his Gretchen was the neutrino, whose existence Pauli had predicted, but which had not yet been discovered.

 

MEPHISTOPHELES

(to Faust):

 Beware, beware, of Reason and of Science

Man's highest powers, unholy in alliance.

You'll let yourself, through dazzling witchcraft yield

To weird temptations of the quantum field.

Enter Gretchen; she sings to Faust. Melody: "Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel" by Schubert.

GRETCHEN: 

My rest-mass is zero

My charge is the same

You are my hero

Neutrino's my name."

 

 

DOCTOR FAUSTUS

Thomas Mann 1933

 

 

THE MASTER AND MARGARITA

Mikhail Bulgakov

1977 Edition

Page 352

"Don Quixote or a Faust, or , devil take me, a dead Souls! Eh?"

Page 360

'You and I speak different languages as usual,'

"Spirit of evil"

Page 399

"He became pope in 999 under the name of Sylvester II"

 

 

 

THE MASTER AND MARGARITA

Mikhail Bulgakov

1977 Edition

BOOK ONE

'who are you, then?'

'I am part of that power which eternally will evil and eternally works good.'

GOETHE

 

I

ME

YOU I YOU

I SAY I SAY I

EVIL LIVE LIVE EVIL

LIVE EVIL EVIL LIVE

DEVIL LIVED LIVED DEVIL

LIVED DEVIL DEVIL LIVED

GOOD AND EVIL EVIL AND GOOD

EVIL AND GOOD GOOD AND EVIL

LIGHT AND DARK DARK AND LIGHT

DARK AND LIGHT LIGHT AND DARK

IS LAW OF MAAT IS IS MAAT OF LAW IS

IS MAAT OF LAW IS IS LAW OF MAAT IS

ENDLESSLY BOUND BOUND ENDLESSLY

BOUND ENDLESSLY ENDLESSLY BOUND

EARTH OF HEART IS IS HEART OF EARTH

HEART OF EARTH IS IS EARTH OF HEART

MIND AND MATTER IS IS MATTER AND MIND

MATTER AND MIND IS IS MIND AND MATTER

POSITIVE NEGATIVE IS IS NEGATIVE POSITIVE

NEGATIVE POSITIVE IS IS POSITIVE NEGATIVE

BALANCING ALWAYS IS IS ALWAYS BALANCING

ONE TWO THREE FOUR 5 SIX SEVEN EIGHT NINE

NINE EIGHT SEVEN SIX 5 FOUR THREE TWE ONE

ALWAYS BALANCING IS IS BALANCING ALWAYS

GO DO GOOD GOD AND GODDESS ISISIS GODDESS AND GOD GOOD DO GO

GODDESS AND GOD GO DO GOOD ISISIS GOOD DO GO GOD AND GODDESS

PERFECT CREATIVITY DIVINE THOUGHT GODS THOUGHT DIVINE CREATIVITY PERFECT

 

THE EXTRACTION OF THE MASTER

CHAPTER 24

Page 276

"the cat"

"the cat"

"The cat"

Page 277

"the cat"

"the cat"

"the cat"

"the cat"

"the cat"

"the cat"

"History will judge"

 

 

THE NINE LIVES OF A CAT OF NINE LIVES

 

 

THE MASTER AND MARGARITA

Mikhail Bulgakov

1977 Edition

koroviev's stunts

CHAPTER 9

Page 99

"no. 50"

"five"

"five"

"five"

"five"

Page 250

'For someone well aquainted with the fifth dimension,"

"fifth dimension,"

"fifth dimension,"

"You must agree that that makes five""

Page 251

"five"

"fifth dimension,"

"fifth dimension,"

"to business, to business,"

 

 

THE GARDEN OF THE GOLDEN FLOWER

THE JOURNEY TO SPIRITUAL FULFILLMENT

Longfield Beatty 1939

Page 203

"I think that is about as far as we dare go, though additional correspondences certainly present specious credentials. But we have all the essentials and can afford to ignore the rest, even including Anubis, the "Opener of the Way," whose nature completely eludes me. Actually we only require the human equation, No.4 on the Table; and so we can leave generalities in favour of the familiar territory of the Hero. The road is plain enough, indeed the composite Osiris / Horus bears nearly all the symbols of the Christ. As in the case of Hercules) / Page 204 / it is as well to use a tabulation, chiefly so as to preserve the sense of distinct attributes.

The Symbols of Osiris / Horus.
1. Horus is conceived of the Spirit (Ra) as well as by human Father (Osiris) and a marvellous Mother (Isis). The Father is a King.

2.. The birth of the Child is miraculous. According to Plutarch the event took place out of time. His version describes Nut as giving birth to Osiris (who is here the Hero-child) on a day made beyond the year. To make this day, light had been "won" from Ra by Silene (Moon). At the time of the birth a voice was heard proclaiming: "The Lord of all the earth is born."

In a less abstract account the Child (now Horus) is conceived from the dead body of Osiris, which had been reintegrated by Isis and vivified by Thoth.

3. The Child (Horus) becomes a Warrior. He seizes the diadem from his Mother's head (overcoming the Mother. . . gaining power over matter). He is in constant battle with the enemy of his Divine Father, though destined to ultimate victory .

4. The Warrior-King (Osiris) is betrayed by Set, whose followers nail him down in a wonderful chest of wood which thus becomes his coffin. The chest is set adrift and is eventually washed ashore in a foreign land. There a tree grew round the chest, completely enclosing it. The tree, which was evidently of peculiar merit (Tree of Life) was taken to the palace of the queen of / Page 205 / the land, Atenais, who may be Istar . . . that Asiatic Mother whose most popular attribute was the annual slaughter of her lover. Indeed, it might well have been the womb (or palace) of the Destroyer which enclosed the Hero (incest), for the Destroyer is an aspect of Isis 1 in her capacity of Dual Mother. It is not surprising, therefore, that Isis found the magical tree and brought it back to Byblos in Egypt where it was at one time worshipped. It was there, presumably, that the Tree of Death became the Tree of Birth and Osiris rose from the dead to become co-equal with Ra.

5. The very important myth of the dismemberment of Osiris should be considered apart from the points just dealt with, since it represents a cosmic rather than a mystical allegory. As I see it, the scattering of the Father's members over the Earth is equivalent to the diffusion of consciousness, which has been recognised as the descent of Spirit into Matter. The time when the diffusion is greatest is clearly at the bottom of the descent (" fall "). Thereafter the ascent proceeds through Matter until the Triple Christ is born of a human mother; so that it might be said that the Mother reintegrated the Father so that from him she might bear the Son. The point is the most difficult one which we have yet had to consider, and I have not attempted to treat it fully, partly on that account, and partly because it is not essential to the argument. The implications of the myth in our own terms will / Page 206 / be found a few pages hence under the symbols of Midsummer (q.v.). 1 Nepthys.

From the career of the Hero as it has just been outlined, it is obvious that the peak of the whole system is that of the resurrection, necessarily an abstract and therefore difficult concept. Perhaps for that reason there is a great deal of confusion in the rituals, though beneath trivialities and inconsistencies there is a certain amount of truth which cannot be hidden. After all, it is really of no consequence if whole mountains of falsehood are found in the course of the search for truth. All falsehood together cannot stand in the way of a very little truth. That the Mysteries of Osiris, which formed in their entirety a most elaborate drama, should have included much that is primitive and gross is only to be expected, as Budge himself says:

". . . There was not the smallest action on the part of any member of the men and women who acted the Osiris Drama, and not a sentence in the liturgy which did not refer to some historical happening of vital significance to the follower of Osiris. Many of these happenings dated from the dawn of the cult of Osiris, and the Egyptians of the Dynastic period, not knowing exactly what they were, followed tradition blindly.

(Op. cit., 515.)

With that qualification, I can confidently refer the reader to the standard sources, and for the sake of encouragement will give two quotations the like of which for sheer power in the terms of their faith are scarcely to be matched even in Christianity. . . . Yet, in a real sense, this is Christianity. The first citation is from the Papyrus of Nekht (Brit. Mus. 10471) and is taken from Shorter (op. cit., p. 65)

Page 207

"ADORATION OF RA by the SCRIBE and Royal Commander NEKHT"

He saith, Homage to thee who art brilliant'and mighty

When thou hast dawned in the horizon of the sky there is praise of thee in the mouth of all people. Thou art become beautiful and young as a Disc in the hand of thy Mother. Dawn thou in every place, thy heart being enlarged forever!

"The divinities of the Two Lands come to thee bowing down, they give praise at thy shining forth. Thou dawnest in the horizon of the sky, thou brightenest the Two Lands with Malachite.

"Thou art the Divine Youth. the Heir of Eternity. who begat himself and brought himself forth, King of this land. ruler of the Tuat. Chief of the Districts of the Other World who came forth from the Water. who emerged from Nun. who reared himself and made splendid his children I

"Living God. Lord of Love I All folk live when thou shinest. dawning as King of the Gods. 0 Lord of the Sky. Lord of the Earth. King of Truth. Lord of Eternity. Ruler of Everlasting. Sovereign of all the Gods. Living God who made Eternity. who created the sky and established himself therein!

"The NINE are in jubilation at thy shining forth. the earth is in joy at beholding thy beams. the people come forth rejoicing to behold thy beauty every day."

And the next quotation is "relayed" from Budge (op. cit.. p. 52.1). having come from Papyrus No. 10188 (Brit. Mus.). There have been some omissions in order to reinforce as much as possible the particular aspect of it which is our immediate concern. To this end also notes have been added to certain passages of particular importance"

 

AGAIN THE WORLD LISTENS TO THAT LOUD AMEN OF THE SISTERS

 

"THE LAMENT OF THE SISTERS

ISIS

and

NEPTHYS

over the dead

OSIRIS

"Beautiful Youth, come to thy exalted house at once: we see thee not.

"Hail, beautiful boy, come to thy house, draw nigh after thy separation from us

"Hail Beautiful Youth, Pilot of Time, who groweth except at this hour.

"Holy image of his Father, mysterious essence proceeding from Tem.

"The Lord! How much more wonderful is he than his

Father, the first-born son of the womb of his mother.

"Come back to us in thy actual form; we will embrace

thee. Depart not from us, thou Beautiful Face, dearly beloved

one, the image of Tem, Master of Love.

"Come thou in peace, our Lord, we would see thee.

"Great Mighty One among the Gods, the road that thou

travellest cannot be described.

"The Babe, the Child at morn and at eve, except when

thou encirclest the heavens and the earth with thy bodily form.

"Come, thou Babe, growing young when setting, our

Lord, we would see thee.

"Come in peace, Great Babe of His Father, thou art

established in thy house.

"Whilst thou travellest thou art hymned by us, and

life springeth up for us out of thy nothingness. O our Lord,

come in peace, let us see thee.

"Hail Beautiful Boy, come to thy exalted house.; let thy

back be to thy house. The Gods are upon thei rthrones

Hail ! come in peace, King.

"Babe! How lovely it is to see thee! Come, come to us,

O Great One, glorify our love.

"O ye gods who are in Heaven.

O ye gods who are in the Tuat.

O ye gods who are in the Abyss.

O ye gods who are in the service of the Deep.

We follow the Lord, the Lord, of Love!"

 

 

THE GARDEN OF THE GOLDEN FLOWER

THE JOURNEY TO SPIRITUAL FULFILLMENT

Longfield Beatty 1939

Page 285

"Common language derives from a common source in which is the harmony of all contradictions and the mean- / Page 286 / ing of all symbols. We have tried to demonstrate some of the intellectual fruit of such symbols, chiefly in regard to the individual; but the highest flights of language are fitted for the cosmic rather than the mystic allegory. The sublimation which from Stone made Fire, from Water, Wine, from Behemoth, Christ the King, carries humanity out of the depths of mortality into a " new heaven and a new earth."

"And he shewed me a river of water of life clear as crystal '.- proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb. In the midst of the street of it and on either side of the river was there the Tree of Life. . . . And the leaves of the Tree were for the healing of nations." (Rev. xxii, 1-2.)

But why do the nations require healing and what is the nature of their wound?

"And I stood upon the sand of the sea and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having upon his heads the name of blasphemy. . . . And power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations.
And all that dwell in the earth shall worship him. . . . And no man might buy and sell save he had the mark, or the name of the beast or the number of his name. And his number is 666."
(Rev. xiii).

For the individual there is a certain "dark night," and for humanity also. The night is hideous with tempest, earthquake, terrible beasts, and fire. But after these is heard a voice, there is found a treasure, and the Golden Flower blooms in the Purple Hall of the City of Jade.
At this time also the Knight of the Quest crosses the glass drawbridge of the Castle of Souls, and is conducted to the Hall of Roses in which the Rich King Fisher and / Page287 / his company are healed by eucharistic magic and the asking of the Question.
All these ideas, however, are included in one, just as the intricate pantheon of Egypt is implicit in the One
One. For at the end of the night dawns the day" Omega" .
when the Unity itself is known.
" They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: and the earth shall be full of the glory of the Lord as the waters cover the sea."

" Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened,
And the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped,
Then shall the lame man leap as an hart,
And the tongue of the dumb sing. . . .
And an highway shall be there, and a way,
And it shall be called the Way of Holiness;
The unclean shall not pass over it ;
But it shall be for those, the wayfaring men. . . ." (Isaiah.)

In that day man recognises his Father at full stature:
Thou art Ra-Herakhty, the Divine Youth, Heir of Eternity, who begat himself and brought forth himself, King of this land, ruler of the Tuat, chief of the districts of the Other World, who came forth from the water, who emerged from Nun, who reared himself and made splendid his children."
(Papyrus of Nekht, Brit. Mus., No. 10471.)
There is no longer Father and Son but undivided Unity, so that Man proclaims not only the identity of his God, but his own identity also:

"I am the God Atum, I who alone was.
I am the God Re at his first splendour.
I am the great God, self-created, God of Gods,
To whom no other God compares." /Page 288 /

I was yesterday and know tomorrow; the battle-ground of Gods was made when I spoke. . . .
My impurity is driven. away, and the sin which was in me is overcome.
I go on my way to where I wash my head in the sea of the righteous.
I arrive at this land of the glorified and enter through the splendid portal.
Thou, who standest before me, stretch out to me thy hands. It is I, I am become one of thee.
Daily I am together with my Father Atum."
(ERMAN: Aegypten, p. 4°9.)
Quoted more fully on p. 100.
To this tremendous recognition there is a response:
"And let the Spirit and the Bride say, Come.
And let him that heareth say, Come.
And let him that is athirst come.
And whosoever will, let him take of the waters of life freely." (Rev.)

 

ATUM 1234 ATUM

 

 

 

THIS IS THE SCENE OF THE SCENE UNSEEN

THE UNSEEN SEEN OF THE SCENE UNSEEN THIS IS THE SCENE

 

 

THE

FAR YONDER SCRIBE

AND OFT TIMES SHADOWED SUBSTANCES WATCHED IN FINE AMAZE

THE

ZED ALIZ ZED

IN SWIFT REPEAT SCATTER STAR DUST AMONGST THE LETTERS OF THEIR PROGRESS

AT THE THROW OF THE NINTH RAM WHEN IN CONJUNCTION SET

THE

FAR YONDER SCRIBE

MADE RECORD OF THEIR FALL

 

 

NUMBER

9

THE SEARCH FOR THE SIGMA CODE

Cecil Balmond 1998

Cycles and Patterns

Page 165

Patterns

"The essence of mathematics is to look for patterns.

Our minds seem to be organised to search for relationships and sequences. We look for hidden orders.

These intuitions seem to be more important than the facts themselves, for there is always the thrill at finding something, a pattern, it is a discovery - what was unknown is now revealed. Imagine looking up at the stars and finding the zodiac!

Searching out patterns is a pure delight.

Suddenly the counters fall into place and a connection is found, not necessarily a geometric one, but a relationship between numbers, pictures of the mind, that were not obvious before. There is that excitement of finding order in something that was otherwise hidden.

And there is the knowledge that a huge unseen world lurks behind the facades we see of the numbers themselves."

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

A QUEST FOR THE BEGINNING AND THE END

Graham Hancock 1995

Chapter 32

Speaking to the Unborn

Page 285

"It is understandable that a huge range of myths from all over the ancient world should describe geological catastrophes in graphic detail. Mankind survived the horror of the last Ice Age, and the most plausible source for our enduring traditions of flooding and freezing, massive volcanism and devastating earthquakes is in the tumultuous upheavals unleashed during the great meltdown of 15,000 to 8000 BC. The final retreat of the ice sheets, and the consequent 300-400 foot rise in global sea levels, took place only a few thousand years before the beginning of the historical period. It is therefore not surprising that all our early civilizations should have retained vivid memories of the vast cataclysms that had terrified their forefathers.
Much harder to explain is the peculiar but distinctive way the myths of cataclysm seem to bear the intelligent imprint of a guiding hand.l Indeed the degree of convergence between such ancient stories is frequently remarkable enough to raise the suspicion that they must all have been 'written' by the same 'author'.
Could that author have had anything to do with the wondrous deity, or superhuman, spoken of in so many of the myths we have reviewed, who appears immediately after the world has been shattered by a horrifying geological catastrophe and brings comfort and the gifts of civilization to the shocked and demoralized survivors?
White and bearded, Osiris is the Egyptian manifestation of this / Page 286 / universal figure, and it may not be an accident that one of the first acts he is remembered for in myth is the abolition of cannibalism among the primitive inhabitants of the Nile Valley.2 Viracocha, in South America, was said to have begun his civilizing mission immediately after a great flood; Quetzalcoatl, the discoverer of maize, brought the benefits of crops, mathematics, astronomy and a refined culture to Mexico after the Fourth Sun had been overwhelmed by a destroying deluge.
Could these strange myths contain a record of encounters between scattered palaeolithic tribes which survived the last Ice Age and an as yet unidentified high civilization which passed through the same epoch?
And could the myths be attempts to communicate?

A message in the bottle of time"

'Of all the other stupendous inventions,' Galileo once remarked,

what sublimity of mind must have been his who conceived how to communicate his most secret thoughts to any other person, though very distant either in time or place, speaking with those who are in the Indies, speaking to those who are not yet born, nor shall be this thousand or ten thousand years? And with no greater difficulty than the various arrangements of two dozen little signs on paper? Let this be the seal of all the admirable inventions of men.3

If the 'precessional message' identified by scholars like Santillana, von Dechend and Jane Sellers is indeed a deliberate attempt at communication by some lost civilization of antiquity, how come it wasn't just written down and left for us to find? Wouldn't that have been easier than encoding it in myths? Perhaps.
Nevertheless, suppose that whatever the message was written on got destroyed or worn away after many thousands of years? Or suppose that the language in which it was inscribed was later forgotten utterly (like the enigmatic Indus Valley script, which has been studied closely for more than half a century but has so far resisted all attempts at decoding)? It must be obvious that in such circumstances a written / Page 287 / legacy to the future would be of no value at all, because nobody would be able to make sense of it.
What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them - and the city of Teotihuacan may be the calling-card of a lost civilization written in the eternal language of mathematics.
Geodetic data, related to the exact positioning of fixed geographical points and to the shape and size of the earth, would also remain valid and recognizable for tens of thousands of years, and might be most conveniently expressed by means of cartography (or in the construction of giant geodetic monuments like the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as we shall see).
Another 'constant' in our solar system is the language of time: the great but regular intervals of time calibrated by the inch-worm creep of precessional motion. Now, or ten thousand years in the future, a message that prints out numbers like 72 or 2160 or 4320 or 25,920 should be instantly intelligible to any civilization that has evolved a modest talent for mathematics and the ability to detect and measure the almost imperceptible reverse wobble that the sun appears to make along the ecliptic against the background of the fixed stars..."

"What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them"

"WRITTEN IN THE ETERNAL LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS"

 

 

 

 

THE WHITE RABBITZ MAKING RARE APPEARANCE SAID ALIZZED WE MUST NOW SAY OUR GOODBYES THE COCOON FOR YOU IS ABOUT TO UNRAVEL THE SPIRAL TO REVERSE UPON ITSELF TIME IS OF THE ESSENCEFROM A TIME WITHOUT TIME IT IS TIME TO ENTER UPON THE ADVENTURE OF AN ANYBODYS LIFETIMETHERE IS A LABYRINTH TO EXPLORE THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN TO DESCEND AND MUCH ONCE SECRET AND PERILOUS AWAKENING LIES AHEAD TAKE THIS RAINBOW BALL OF TWINE HANG IT ON YOUR HOOK OR BY CROOK AND NO MATTER THE TWISTS AND TURNS ENCOMPASSED IN THE THIS AND THAT OF YOUR JOURNEY REMEMBER THAT ONCE INSIDE THE EVER NEVER DREAM LAND OF GREAT AMAZE YOU MUST HOLD FAST THE MEANS OF RETURN FOR THEE THY COMPANIONS IN KIND THE FAR YONDER SCRIBE AND SUCH AS THOSE THAT WITHIN THE PRESENT OF THE FUTURE PAST WILL SHADOW THEE ON THY BLESSED WAY AND THEN THE WHITE RABBITZ WAS GONE

 

 

THE BOOK OF THE DEAD.
A.Wallis Budge 1899

Page vi

"In The Book of the Dead the title of Lord of the Dead is attributed to Osiris. In one of his aspects he was a personification of the corn, linking him to the annual cycle of birth, growth and death. Then there is a separate legend of his apotheosis as God of the Dead, with power to resurrect men from death as well as corn from the ground. Osiris was of divine origin and reigned as a king on earth; having reclaimed the Egyptians from savagery and cannibalism, he gave them laws. He introduced the cultivation of the vine and corn, travelling to distant parts in order to spread their benefits. At length he returned triumphantly to his homeland, but his brother Set, with seventy-two accomplices was bent on his ruin. He stealthily obtained Osiris's measure-ments and constructed ahighly decorated coffer corresponding to the size of his brother. In the middle of a feast he jestingly promised thecoffer to the man

/Page viii /

whom it fitted exactly. Osiris was the last man to try it, and had no sooner stretched himself out thanthe conspirators surged forward, slammed down the lid, nailed it, soldered it with molten lead and flung it into Nile The coffer floated out to sea, finally drifting ashore at Byblus, where an Erica tree suddenly sprang up and enclosed the chest in its trunk. Isis, the sister and wife of Osiris, heard of this occurrence and travelled to Byblus in order to request the coffer. After many tribulations she succeeded in recovering it, and then hid it while on a visit to her son Horus. As luck would have it, Set stumbled on the coffer while out hunting, recognised the body, and cut it into fourteen pieces which he scattered. Isis now set out to recover the limbs; with the help of the gods she reconstituted the body of the murdered Osiris, swathed it in linen bandages and performed all the other requisite rites. As she fanned the cold body with her wings, Osiris revived and thenceforth reigned over the land of the dead 9

"Notes 9 Sir J. G. Frazer, The Golden Bough, vol.60, Chapter 1.

The scribe writ, there is more to this that meets the Pi

'seventy-two accomplices' x 'fourteen pieces' = 1008

Azin Ra and the Eight. writ the scribe

 

 

GOD'SECRET FORMULA

Peter Plichta 1997

Page 122 (continues)

"The number 81 is the product of 3 x 3 x 3 x 3; 3 4 = 81. The numbers 3, 4, and 81 had been on my mind for years, and suddenly their interrelation appeared as a ' 3- to-the-power-of- law '. If God had simply arranged the 81 elements according to the ordinal numbers 1, 2, 3, …81, researchers would have discovered this fact a long time ago.

 

 

HOLY BIBLE
Scofield References
Page 1353

Chapter 22 A.D. 96.
Verse13 "On the east three gates; on the north; three gates; on the south three gates; and on the west three gates."

3 3 3 3

"The number 81 is the product of 3 x 3 x 3 x 3; 3 4 = 81"

Look said Zed Aliz to the scribe do you now see the eighteen.

No said the scribe I see 81 good said Zed Aliz.

The very far yonder scribe writ 18

The scribe gets that card marked

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

Graham Hancock 1995

Page 274 / 275

"The pre-eminent number in the code is 72. To this is frequently added 36,making 108, and it is permissible to multiply 108 by 100 to get 10,800 or to divide it by 2 to get 54, which may then be multiplied by 10 and expressed as 540 (or as 54,000, or as 540,000, or as 5,400,000, and so on). Also highly significant is 2160 ( the number of years required for the equinoctialpoint to transit one zodiacal constellation), which is sometimes multipliedby 10 and by factors of ten (to give 216,000, 2,160,000, and so on) " and sometimes by 2 to give 4320, or 43,200, or 432,000, or 4,320,000,ad infinitum.

"Once more with feeling said Zed Aliz.The scribe scribbled 3 + 6 = 9 and 4 + 3 + 2 = THAT number that never waz.

ZedAlizZed gets down to some serious revision.

The scribe thanked the good brother, and executed another side long glance ahead.

Page 274

"The pre-eminent number in the code is 72. To this is frequently added 36, "

The pre-eminent number in the code is 72 7+2 = 9 To this is frequently added 3 + 6 is 9 or 3 x 6 is 18 and 1+ 8 is 9

making 108,

making1 + 8 = 9,

and it is permissible to multiply 108 by 100 to get 10,800 or to or to divide it by 2 to get 54,

and it is permissible to multiply 1+8 by1 to get 9

which may then be multiplied by 10 and expressed divide it by 2 to get 5 + 4 = 9

which may then be multiplied by 10 and expressed

as 540 (or as 54,000, or as 540,000, or as 5,400,000, and so on).

as 90 (or as 9,000, or as 90,000, or as 900,000, and so on).

Alizzed continues the path of numerical transposition

Also highly significant is 2160 ( the number of years required for the equinoctial point to transit one zodiacal constellation), which is sometimes multiplied point to transit one zodiacal constellation),

Also highly significant is 2 +1 + 6 = 9 (the number of years required for the equinoctialpoint to transit one zodiacal constellation), which is sometimes multiplied point to transit one zodiacal constellation),

which is sometimes multiplied by 10 and by factors of ten

(to give 216,000, 2,160,000, and so on) and by 10 and by factors of 10 ( and

to give 9,000, 90,000, and so on)

"sometimes by 2 to give 4320, or 43,200, or 432,000, or 4,320,000,ad infinitum."

sometimes by 2 to give 4 + 3 = 7 + 2 = 9, or 4 + 3 = 7 +,2 = 9, or 4 + 3 = 7 + 2 = 9, or 4, + 3 = 7 + 2,= 9 ad infinition"

"Let us not forget that they occur in a myth which is present at the very dawn of writing in Egypt (indeed elements of the Osiris story are to be found in the Pyramid Texts dating back to around 2450 BC, in a context which suggests that they were exceedingly old then). Hipparchus, the so-called discoverer of precession lived in the second century BC. He proposed a value of 45 or 46 seconds of arc for one year of precessional motion. These figures yield a one-degree shift along the ecliptic in 80 years (at 45 arc seconds per annum). The true figure, as calculated by twentieth century science, is 71.6 years. If Sellers's theory is correct, therefore, the 'Osiris numbers', which give a value of 72 years, are significantly more accurate than those of Hipparchus . Indeed, within the obvious confines imposed by narrative structure, it is difficult to see how the number 72 could have been improved upon, even if the more precise figure had been known to the ancient myth-makers. One can hardly insert 71.6 conspirators into a story, but 72 will fit comfortably."

The scribe, expressing reservations, about all this shard sharp refraction shuffling that AlizZed was making, gained a measure of reassurance, after ZedAlizZed administered a quick cuff round back a't fore- head, saying tis all in a good cause scribe, gerronwiit

 

 

MATHEMATICS and the IMAGINATION

Edward Kasner and James Newman 1940

Page 357

"Cheshire-Puss, " she began rather timidly . . . " Would you tell me please, which way I ought to go from here? " " That depends a good deal on where you want to get to, " said the Cat. "I dont much care where-" said Alice. " Then it doesn't matter which way you go," said the Cat. "

 

 

THE BIBLE AND FLYING SAUCERS

Barry H. Downing 1968

Page 125

" A Time magazine essay, 'A Fresh Look at Flying Saucers,' points out how difficult long-distance space travel becomes. 'Even the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, is 4.3 light years away."

Thus faithfully recorded the far yonder Scribe

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995

Page 275

"Working from this rounded-up figure, the Osiris myth is capable of yielding a value of 2160 years for a precessional shift through one complete house of the zodiac. The correct figure, according to today's calculations,is 2148 years.The Hipparchus figures are 2400 years and 2347.8 years respectively. Finally, Osiris enables us tocalculate 25,920 as the number of years required for the fulfilment of a complete precessional cycle through 12 houses of the zodiac."

/Page 276/

"Hipparchus gives us either 28,800 or 28,173.6 years. The correct figure, by today's estimates, is 25,776 years. The Hipparchus calculations for the Great Return are therefore around 3000 years out of kilter. The Osiris calculations miss the true figure by only 144 years, and may well do so because the narrative context forced a rounding-up of the base number from the correct value of 71.6 to a more workable figure of 72"

The scribe writ 2 + 8 + 8 is 18 and then writ 2 + 5 + 7 + 7 + 6 is 27 then writ 1 + 8 is 9 and 2 + 7 is 9.

Andfffffffinally writ 1 + 4 + 4 is 9 followed by 144 x 360 = 51840 and left it that that.

"All this however, assumes that Sellers is right to suppose that the numbers 360, 72, 30 and 12 did not find their way into the Osiris myth by chance but were placed there deliberately by people who understood - and had accurately measured - precession."Osiris enables us to calculate 25,920 as the number of years required for thefulfilment of a complete precessional cycle through 12 houses of the zodiac."

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

Graham Hancock 1995

Page276

"An example was given in Chapter Thirty-three - the Norse myth of the 432,000 fighters who sallied forth from Valhalla to do battle with "the Wolf'. A glance back at the myth shows that it contains several permutations of 'precessional numbers ".

Alizzed said to the scribe do it scribe, do it once and for all, just do it. And so the far yonder scribe did it.

4 + 3 + 2 is 9 and 4 x 3 x 2 is 24 and 2 + 4 = 6 x nine is 54

24 x 9 is 2160 . . . 2 + 1 + 6 is 9

" Likewise, as we saw in Chapter Twenty-four, ancient Chinese traditions referring to a universalcataclysm were said to have been written down in a great text consisting of precisely 4320 volumes." 4+3+2 "Thousands of miles away, is it a coincidence that the Babylonian historian Berossus (third centuryBC) ascribed a total reign of 432,000 years to the mythical kings who ruled the land of Sumer before the flood? And is it likewise a coincidence that this same Berossus ascribed 2,160,000 years to the period 'between creation and universal catastrophe?" 2,160,000.

Divide by nine, said ZedalizZed

216 ÷ 9 = 24 and 2 + 4 = 6 216

÷ 3 = 72 and 7 + 2 = 9

Sumer x 432 = 2160

Thus writ the far yonder scribe

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995

276 / 7

"Do the myths of ancient Amerindian peoples like the Maya also contain or enable us to compute numbers such as 72, 2160, 4320, etc."

9 9 9
writ the scribe as in an emergency

"We shall probably never know, thanks to the conquistadores and zealous friars who destroyed the traditional heritage of Central America and left us so little to work with. What we can say, however, is that the relevant numbers do turn up, in relative profusion, in the Mayan Long Count calendar. Details of that calendar were given in Chapter Twenty-one. The numerals necessary for calculating precession are found there in these formulae: 1 Katun = 7200 days; 1 Tun = 360 days; 2 Tuns = 720 days;"

9 9 9
5 Baktuns = 720,000 days; 5 Katuns = 36,000 days; 6 Katuns = 43,200 days; 6 Tuns = 2160 days; = 9 = 9 = 9 = 9 15 Katuns = 2,160,000 days. = 9

 

 

The Secret Of
ATLANTIS

Otto Muck 1976

Page 279

"C.W.Ceram in Gods, Graves and Scholars (1971) writes:…"

Page 280

"…And of Mayan documents from preconquistador times exactly three manuscripts are left to us.These three documents have remained undeciphered. One of them is the Codex Troanus. But oddly enough, it wasnot the three authentic codices which came to the aid of the research workers, but a small, yellowed little-readmanuscript dated 1566 and entitled Relacion de las cosas de Yucatan. Its author was Diego de Landa, the secondarchbishop of Yucatan. He was a man of strong faith but also of an enquiring mind. It was a great stroke of luck that Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg acquired this key to deciphering the most impor-tant Maya documents, and that he knew how to make use of it. For this little book contained the symbols which the Maya used to indicate their numbers, their days and their months. This sign language was found in innumerable reliefs covering everytemple and stair column and frieze. Until the discovery of the key, it had appeared to be nothing but a puzzling and unintelligible accumulation of bizarre human and animal faces carved in stone. Then it was suddenly realized that these were not orna-ments, but were the symbols for numbers, days, andmonths. These carvings represented astronomical data of the greatest importance. Ceram writes: ... everywhere in the mayan art, in buildings that had been raised tier on tier in the jungle without the aid of draft animals or carts, in sculptures executed in stone with stone tools, there was not a single ornament or relief, ani-mal frieze or sculptured figure, that was not directly related

/Page 281 /

to some specific date. Every piece of Mayan construction was part of a great calendar in stone. There was no such thing as random arrangement; the Mayan aethetic had a mathematical basis. Apparently meaningless repetitions and abrupt breaks in the conformation of the gruesome stone visages were, it appeared, occasioned by the need for expressing a certain number or some particular calendrical intercalation… This calendrical correlation of Mayan art and architecture was unique.There could be no doubt that this was a most astonishing discovery. How could it be explained? Were those who ordered these structures to be built monomaniacs, obsessed with an idée fixe that obliged them to have everythingdated with the greatest possible precision? There seems to be no other possible explanation. The Mayas do not appear to have erected their great sacred buildings for such ephemeral reason as a victory, an epidemic, or similar memorial. Without exception, they erected their buildings only when the periodicity of their calendar demanded it. All the outward decoration of thesestructures consisted of the date of their erection. Every building was constructed to conform with the demands of the calendar; each was a dedication, as it were, to the lord of Time. So strong was this obsession that at the beginning of each of the most important calendar cycles, which spanned fifty-two years, they built a new perimeter,each larger than its predecessor, around the beautifully kept and well-preserved temple pyramids. In 1925 excavations were carried out on the old serpent pyramid on the western outskirts of Mexico City, not farfrom the heart of this modern metropolis. This was not a simple temple pyramid, but consisted of core stone with eight super-imposed "skins", each complete with its chronological orna-ments. An examination of these revealed thata new skin was built around the former one every 52 years. this had continued for 364 years. Examples of this curious"onion skin" design have been found in other temple complexes that have been excavated since."

 

 

THOSE PATIENT PATENT PATTERN MAKERS

4+4+4+4+4

APOPHENIA = 4 = APOPHENIA

THOSE PATIENT PATENT PATTERN MAKERS

 

 

Definitions of Apophenia on the Web:

•Apophenia is the experience of seeing patterns or connections in random or meaningless data. The term was coined in 1958 by Klaus Conrad, who defined it as the "unmotivated seeing of connections" accompanied by a "specific experience of an abnormal meaningfulness".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia

•The perception of or belief in connectedness among unrelated phenomena
en.wiktionary.org/wiki/apophenia

 

Apophenia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (February 2008)

Apophenia is the experience of seeing patterns or connections in random or meaningless data. The term was coined in 1958 by Klaus Conrad,[1] who defined it as the "unmotivated seeing of connections" accompanied by a "specific experience of an abnormal meaningfulness".

While observations of relevant work environments and human behaviors in these environments is a very important first step in coming to understand any new domain, this activity is in and of its self not sufficient to constitute scientific research. It is fraught with problems of subjective bias in the observer. We (like the experts we study) often see what we expect to see, we interpret the world through our own personal lens. Thus we are extraordinarily open to the trap of apophenia.
—Klaus Conrad , A Cognitive Approach to Situation Awareness: Theory and Application
In statistics, apophenia would be classed as a Type I error (false positive, false alarm, caused by an excess in sensitivity). Apophenia is often used as an explanation of paranormal and religious claims, and can also explain a belief in pseudoscience[citation needed].

Conrad originally described this phenomenon in relation to the distortion of reality present in psychosis, but it has become more widely used to describe this tendency in healthy individuals without necessarily implying the presence of neurological differences or mental illness.

In the case of autistic spectrum disorders, including Asperger syndrome and individuals who are autistic savants, individuals may in fact be aware of patterns (such as those present in complex systems, large numbers, music, etc) that are infrequently noticed by neurotypical people. Rather than being aware of patterns that do not exist, autistic individuals may be aware of meaningful patterns within situations that appear meaningless to others.

Contents [hide]
1 Examples
1.1 Pareidolia
1.2 Fiction
2 See also
3 Notes and references
4 External links

[edit] Examples

The identification of a face on the surface of Mars is an example of pareidoliac apophenia.[edit] Pareidolia
Main article: Pareidolia
Pareidolia is a type of apophenia involving the finding of images or sounds in random stimuli. For example, hearing a ringing phone whilst taking a shower. The noise produced by the running water gives a random background from which the patterned sound of a ringing phone might be 'produced'.

Recent real-world examples: the 'finding' of a cross inside a halved potato, the 'appearance' of Jesus and Mary inside a halved orange, Jesus' face on a piece of toast or in the frost on a car window.

[edit] Fiction
Postmodern novelists and film-makers have reflected on apophenia-related phenomena, such as paranoid narration or fuzzy plotting (e.g., Vladimir Nabokov's "Signs and Symbols", Thomas Pynchon's The Crying of Lot 49 and V., Alan Moore's Watchmen, Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose and Foucault's Pendulum, William Gibson's Pattern Recognition, James Curcio's Join My Cult, Arturo Pérez-Reverte's The Club Dumas, The Illuminatus! Trilogy by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson, and the films Conspiracy Theory, Darren Aronofsky's π, A Beautiful Mind, The Number 23 and The Nines). The conspiracy-obsessed superhero The Question is accused of suffering from apophenia in "Double Date,"[2] an episode of the animated TV series Justice League Unlimited. Originally, Alan Moore's character Rorschach, from the graphic novel Watchmen, is patterned after The Question.

As narrative is one of our major cognitive instruments for structuring reality, there is some common ground between apophenia and narrative fallacies such as hindsight bias. Since pattern recognition may be related to plans, goals, and ideology, and may be a matter of group ideology rather than a matter of solitary delusion, the interpreter attempting to diagnose or identify apophenia may have to face a conflict of interpretations.[citation needed]

[edit] See also
23 Enigma
Clustering illusion
Confirmation bias
Conspiracy theory
Delusions of reference
Forer effect
Hindsight bias
Reality tunnel
Synchronicity
Texas sharpshooter fallacy
Pareidolia
Paranoiac-critical method
[edit] Notes and references
Endslay, Mica R. (2004). Simon Banbury, Sébastien Tremblay. ed. A Cognitive Approach To Situation Awareness:: Theory and Application (1st ed.). USA: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. ISBN 0754641988.
Klaus Conrad, 1958, Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Versuch einer Gestaltanalyse des Wahns. Stuttgart: Thieme.
Sherlock, P. "On roulette wheels and monkies randomly inspired by Shakespeare", truth.gooberbear, April 1, 2008. Accessed April 1, 2008.
William Gibson, 2003, Pattern Recognition. New York: G. P. Putnam's, 2003.
1.^ Brugger, Peter. "From Haunted Brain to Haunted Science: A Cognitive Neuroscience View of Paranormal and Pseudoscientific Thought," Hauntings and Poltergeists: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, edited by J. Houran and R. Lange (North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers, 2001).
2.^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0618132/
[edit] External links
Look up apophenia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Skeptic's Dictionary: Robert Todd Carroll's article on apophenia
DBSkeptic: Sandra Hubscher's analysis of apophenia
[hide]v • d • eHidden messages

Main Hidden messages · Subliminal message

Audio Backmasking · Reverse speech · Spectrogram

Numeric Numerology · Theomatics · Bible code · Cryptology

Visual Fnord · Paranoiac-critical method · Pareidolia · Sacred geometry · Steganography

See also Anagram · Apophenia · Easter egg (media) · Clustering illusion · Observer-expectancy effect · Pattern recognition · Paradox · Palindrome · Unconscious mind

This page was last modified on 18 January 2010 at 23:49.
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The Zahir
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Zahir.
"The Zahir"
Author Jorge Luis Borges
Original title "El Zahir"
Country Argentina
Language Spanish
Genre(s) Fantasy, short story
Media type Print
Publication date 1949

The Zahir (original Spanish title: "El Zahir") is a short story by the Argentine writer and poet Jorge Luis Borges. It is one of the stories in the book The Aleph and Other Stories, first published in 1949, and revised by the author in 1974.

[edit] Plot summary
In the story, Zahir is a person or an object that has the power to create an obsession in everyone who sees it, so that the affected person perceives less and less of reality and more and more of the Zahir, at first only while asleep, then at all times.

Borges plays himself in the story as a man who, after paying for a drink, gets the Zahir in his change. At the very beginning of the story Borges describes it: a common twenty-centavo coin, with the year of minting of 1929 and knife marks scratching the letters N T and the figure 2.

Borges then tells the reader about a train of thought focused on famous coins throughout history and legend, and the fact that a coin symbolizes our free will, since it can be turned into anything. These feverish thoughts keep him awake for a while. The next day Borges decides to lose the coin. He goes to a faraway neighborhood in Buenos Aires, while he carefully avoids looking at the street names and numbers, and manages to get rid of the Zahir by paying for another drink in an anonymous bar.

The writer is unable to forget the coin, which fills his dreams and (we are allowed to guess) his waking moments too. In the meantime, he tries to look for a cure to his obsession, and after some research he finds a book that explains his malady. In this book, the Borges character reads that the Zahir (or sometimes Zaheer) is a piece of Islamic folklore that dates back to the 17th century. A Zahir is an object that traps everyone who so much as takes a look at it, even from afar, into an obsession that finally erases the rest of reality. In other times and places, a tiger has been a Zahir, as well as an astrolabe, the bottom of a well, and a vein in a marble column in a mosque. According to the myth, everything on earth has the propensity to be a Zahir, but "the Almighty does not allow more than one thing at a time to be it, since one alone can seduce multitudes".

Borges tells us that soon he will be unable to perceive external reality, and he will have to be dressed and fed; but then he reflects that this fate does not worry him, since he'll be oblivious to it. In idealistic philosophy, "to live and to dream are synonymous", and he will simply pass "from a very complex dream to a very simple dream". In a mixture of despair and resignation, he wonders:

Others will dream that I am mad, and I [will dream] of the Zahir. When all men on earth think day and night of the Zahir, which one will be a dream and which a reality, the earth or the Zahir?

In Arabic, zahir ( ظاهر ) is an active participle with meanings denoting apparent, visible, obvious, manifest, surface, exoteric, exterior, literal, superficial, etc. Al-Zahir is a name of God, the Manifest, paired with al-Batin, the Concealed.

[edit] Other works of the same title
The title of The Zahir (2005) by Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho refers to the Borges story. It tells the story of a man who becomes obsessed with his wife, who has disappeared.
[edit] Notes
The Zahir is in many ways the opposite of The Aleph, the subject of another Borges short story also published in the same short story collection. Whereas viewing the Aleph causes the observer to see all things, viewing the Zahir causes the observer eventually to see only the Zahir.
This is one of many Borges stories that manifests the author's obsession with tigers. (The story mentions a man afflicted by the Zahir who sees only tigers).
One interpretation of the story is as a parable about unrequited love. The story is dedicated to Wally Zenner, one of the many women Borges courted unsuccessfully.
Borges touches upon the concept of the Zahir in his short story Deutsches Requiem, also published in 1949. In it he wrote, "I had come to understand many years before that there is nothing on earth that does not contain the seed of a possible Hell; a face, a word, a compass, a cigarette advertisement, are capable of driving a person mad if he is unable to forget them."
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Zahir"
Categories: 1949 short stories | Short stories by Jorge Luis Borges

 

 

http://www.flickr.com/photos/panta/392449551/

if nobody saw the flash, would the water still fall in drops?


without a flash, we see the the movement of water, like a jet or a flood or a wave; the flash reveals the single drops, as if they were banned by the moment of observation.

in quantum mechanics, light and matter exhibit properties of both waves and of particles. without an observer, a quantum object (i.e. an electron) behaves like a wave, existing as a mere potentiality, as a symphony of vibrating options filling space -- until it is observed (measured) and this way, forced into one of its possible states of being: a particle existing in a certain place in time and space.

the apparatus of perception as creator of reality; the world as we know it as a result of the senses and instruments with which we experience and measure it.

but what happens to instruments of perception when no one looks at them? if the quantum theory applies to every object, then it also applies to them. when there's no observer to force them from potentiality into defined reality, would the world then remain mere option? an eternally pulsing sea of potentialities as the only reality? for how could any potentiality transform into reality under its own steam, without a higher consciousness that exists and perceives independantly from being observed, itself....?

if nobody saw the flash, would the water still fall in drops?

late night ponderings....
Comments
Perceval for U says:
I agree with this: "the apparatus of perception as creator of reality; the world as we know it as a result of the senses and instruments with which we experience and measure it." A fly see the world like a kaléidoscope and a dolphin see through a sonar an indirect image of environment.

And more: we could also believe that it's the same construction for sentiments, feelings and emotions. Our inner mechanism of perception of external/internal input change the way we interpret (give sense) an occurence.

--
Seen in my contacts' photos. (?)
Posted 36 months ago. ( permalink )
javadoug says:
The uncertainty principle. Yes I've used this same phenomenon to describe everyday life as well. If we observe, then perhaps we change what we observe, therefore we are never certain that we have observed an event as it would have been.

This is my uncertainty event:

In Any Walk With Nature...

When I originally wrote the story, I laced it with all kinds of theory about the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, but the editor of the newsletter where it was to be published asked me to remove that part. It is nice to see someout out there who might appreciate the subtleties :)

To answer your question, No it would no longer fall in drops, but I am uncertain.

If a tree falls in the forest, and no one is listening, does it make a sound?
If a shutter clicks on a camera, and it records an image that no one ever sees, is it real?
Posted 36 months ago. ( permalink )
wblake9 says:
Thanks for putting this up, it is a subject I am really intrested in, and I love reading the comments you get. I have a friend David Denison, who has a lot of knowledge on the subject and will tell him about this, he has his own website that you might be intrested in www.973-eht-namuh-973.com
Posted 36 months ago. ( permalink )
panta rhei. says:
fabrice - yes, this works the same way with our inner perceptions. we view the world through a filter, through a perspective coloured by our experiences, beliefs, and expectations. we experience it through the lens of who and what we are.

doug, i really like your text. thank you for leading me to it. and i perfectly understand what you are talking about when you muse about the act of observation changing the object observed. would've loved to read it with the uncertainty principle additions....!

whow, tim, that's quite some site david is having. there's a whole universe going on there. i need some time to check that out....

thank you all for your comments!
Posted 36 months ago. ( permalink )
jovena [deleted] says:
i thought you would only see them as droplets of water if it was nighttime ..
Posted 34 months ago. ( permalink )
panta rhei. says:
no, jovena. you see them as droplets whenever a flash creates a moment...
Posted 34 months ago. ( permalink )
Rosie Kliskey says:
good point.....about the whole drop thing...and i know its supposed to be about philosophy...so please dont think i'm being critical ...

but...what was the shutter speed on the picture without the flash the same as with it??

because if it was slower without a flash the image will have caught movement rather than a still shot....

i'm sorry if this sounds very rude i'm just interested to know =]

x
Posted 27 months ago. ( permalink )
panta rhei. says:
hi rosie, no need to apologize for your ponderings!

when we perceive various overlapping moments as one single sensation (as we do when we look at a picture taken with a slow shutter speed), is this perception more or less or just as true as the perception of a single moment snapped flash-like in a fraction of a second? which one is reality: the superimposed overlay of motion and possibilities, or the defined particles exisiting in a certain place in time and space?

since i'm just shooting with the automatic mode of a simple camera, i suppose that the shutter speed of both of the above pictures was pretty much the same. but even if it was not, it would just prove that the apparatus of perception (shutter, eye, consciousness, etc) is the creator of our reality...
Posted 27 months ago. ( permalink )
Rosie Kliskey says:
ohhh.....i get it...

but seriously yes i understand =]

thank you.
Posted 27 months ago. ( permalink )
panta rhei. says:
you're welcome, rosie! ;-)
Posted 27 months ago. ( permalink )
sweetwater.media says:
evidence of differentiation

1. but what happens to instruments of perception when no one looks at them?
2. if nobody saw the flash, would the water still fall in drops?

1. The instruments of perception still exist ... they are simply no longer being used.
2. Of course it would.

if you look at it from the evidence of differentiation then it is measuring the difference of perspectives

from the perspective of light water is falling in particles
from the perspective of gravity or natural senses the water is falling as a wave
Posted 8 months ago. ( permalink )
panta rhei. says:
it's not only about the differences of perspectives - the differences of
perspectives are all part of perception . they all apply to the "drops" (=
particles present in specific points of time and space, or fixed states of being). we may all see the drops differently, depending on our perspective, but we see them.

without perception (here: flash as metaphor), there is no perspective at all, and we see no drops, only various overlapping possibilities (here: moments of drops in time and space as metaphor).

 

 

THE FULCANELLI PHENOMENON

Kenneth Rayner Johnson 1980

THE ULTIMATE MYSTERY

Page 263

"...Occultists have for long equated this gland with the Third Eye of the Eastern magical tradition, whose opening is said to confer all kinds of arcane powers, including the ability to view the human aura and a consciousness expanded to cosmic proportions.
It will be as well to recall here what Fulcanelli's reply was when Bergier asked him what the real nature of alchemy consisted in. He said:
'The secret of alchemy is that there exists a means of manipulating matter and energy so as to create what modern science calls a force-field. This force-field acts upon the observer and puts him in a privileged position in relation to the universe. From this privileged position he has access to realities that space and time, matter and energy, normally conceal from us. This is what we call the Great Work.' "

Page 273

VIII
Conclusion

"Within the human body there is hidden a certain metaphysical substance, known only to the very few, whose essence it is to need no medicament, for it is itself uncorrupted medicament. There is in natural things a certain truth which cannot be seen with the outward eye but is perceived by the mind alone. The philosophers have known it and they have found that its power is so great as to work miracles... In this lies the whole art of freeing the spirit from its fetters... it is the highest power and an impregnable fortress wherein the philosopher's stone lies guarded - Gerhard Dorn, pupil of Paracelsus.

WE HAVE journeyed a long way, from the ancient land of the Pyramids, through the Mysteries of pre-Christian cultures, the mysticism and magic of the secret fraternities who enshrined their arcane wisdom in written and sculptured cipher, down to the present-day aura of the elusive Fulcanelli, Master Alchemist.
I do not expect that every one of my readers will either fully comprehend, appreciate nor indeed accept, all of the doctrines, mysteries and ideals which have been set forth in this book.
But I have attempted to show that the everyday world of the limited senses of the average human being is not the total, infinite reality; that there lies, beyond mundane considerations, a much more profound and glorious region that connects both the inner space of the entire human psyche and the outer space of the entire majestic Creation.
So far as I am concerned, men, or rather .Men, like Fulcanelli, are more important to the progress of unenlightened mankind than those who, over the past few decades, have broken down / Page 274 / the barriers of outer space and set foot - in person or by
mechanised proxy - on other worlds.
For in the same way that the Total Science of Alchemy does not consist merely in the transmutation of base metals into gold, neither do the physical, technological conquests of orthodox science necessarily represent man's true evolution or ultimate destiny.
In choosing to relegate many of the ancient philosophical and metaphysical doctrines to the decay of locked vaults and unexplored library shelves, man has in a sense let his superficial, material progress outrun his spiritual fulfilment.
As the great sages and mystics of all ages have frequently insisted: Before one can properly look outward with clear vision, it is first necessary to look inward.
On his own record of tragic self-mismanagement, of his abuse of himself and his fellow-men, of his indifference to the elements of Nature which still sustain him, man has failed in this oblig­ation. Yet, despite this, there have been Men who perhaps in some way have made up for such neglectful deficiency.
It is to the words of these fulfilled Beings, these Perfected Ones, and not to the temporal babblings of fickle politicians, of irresponsible scientists, dogmatic theologians, greedy and un­scrupulous lords of commerce and industry, nor even to the
confused and self-destructive rantings of the mass media, that' we should be listening, if we are to take our proper place on the ladder of Evolution.
The Secret Masters do not direct, command or coerce. They merely advise, guide and instruct.
As Fulcanelli himself has indicated, we may not have an unlimited time in which to realize our ultimate and rightful evolutionary potential. But there is always hope.
Let us therefore seek encouragement in the magnificent words of such a sublime spirit, a man who conquered death itself:

'It is at the time when bodily inertia asserts itself, at the same hour when Nature finishes her work, that the Wise Man finally begins his own. Let us therefore lean towards the abyss, let us scrutinize its depths, rummage through the darkness which covers it, and the Void will instruct us. Birth teaches us few things, but death, from which life is born, can reveal all. It alone holds the keys of the laboratory of nature; it alone / Page 275 / delivers the spirit, imprisoned in the midst of the material body. Shadow, bestower of light, sanctuary of truth, asylum violated by wisdom, it hides and jealously withholds its treasures from timorous mortals, the indecisive, the sceptical, all those who disregard or dare not confront it.
'For the Philosopher, death is simply a transformation like that of the caterpillar into butterfly, which links the material plane to the divine. It is the earthly door opened to the heavens, the link between nature and divinity; it is the chain which joins those who yet live to those who have passed on. And if human evolution, in its physical sense, can of its own will dispose of the past and present, then in its turn it is death alone which belongs to the future.
'Consequently, far from inspiring a feeling of horror or repulsion in the Wise, death, the instrument of salvation, appears to him both useful and necessary. And if we are not allowed to allot tooursel ves the fixed time for our proper destiny, at least we have received the permission of the Eternal to call it forth from the grave matter, in accordance and submission to the orders of God, and to the will of man.
'One can thus understand why the Philosophers place so much insistence upon the necessity of material death. It is through death that the spirit, imperishable and always active, stirs up, sifts, separates, cleans and purifies the body. It is from death that there proceeds the possibility of assembling the purified parts, to build with them a new lodging place, finally to transmit to the regenerated form an energy which it does not possess.'
- Les Demeures Philosophales, Vol. II, pp. 324-5.

 

FINIS SED INCEPTIO EST

 

 

LOOK AT THE NINES LOOK AT THE NINES LOOK AT THE NINES

THE NINES THE NINES THE NINES

 

 

----- Original Message -----

From: Dave Denison

To: Mike Denison

Sent: Tuesday, September 08, 2009 6:51 PM

Subject: Fw: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

Fraternal Greetings Michael

 

This Wednesday the 9Ninth of the 9Ninth 09 marks a propitious time in the creative evolvment of 973-eht-namuh-973. It presents an appropriate time to thank family and friends for the help and patient support given me over the years spent exteriorizing "The Great Work".

The sites embryonic birth on the internet in the year 2000, initiated the first broadcast of its strange and alien signal onto and into human consciousness.

 

WOW O WOW! Such a signal as that.

 

I intend marking this fortuitous date, by asking family and friends to return this e-mail to me on Wednesday, the 9Ninth of the 9Ninth Zero 9Nine. Preferably at either or all of the following times. 9:0 am, 18:36pm, 9:0 pm. If that is not possible then any time on the 9Ninth. Those sent back will be included (minus address) in a more personal document to be published on the site. And intended amongst other things to sound a tribute to those of you who have in whichever or whatever way all contributed to the EVOLUTION R EVOLUTION of this internet Book of Magical Intent.

 

Unless you wish to do so, there is no obligation to respond in writing to the e-mail although its return would be appreciated. Only then within the magic of mine and thine own minds I can there be established a circle in the cycle of communication. The mysterious betwixt and between of the go-between. A message from me to thee and thee to me. Abracadabra! strike a light O inner eye that sees, for herein have we accomplished the fulfilment and consecration of our mutually creative ritualistic exchange, a consummation of that sacred act of good intent.

 

Thank you for your help.

Dave D.

 

Thoughts of Love Light and Peace to the all and sundry of universal rainbow thought.

 

----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Dave Denison <dave@denizen>
To: Carl Parkin <carlparkin>
Sent: Tuesday, 8 September, 2009 19:40:48
Subject: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

Fraternal Greetings Carl.

This Wednesday the 9Ninth of the 9Ninth 09 marks a propitious time in the creative evolvment of 973-eht-namuh-973. It presents an appropriate time to thank family and friends for the help and patient support given me over the years spent exteriorizing "The Great Work".

The sites embryonic birth on the internet in the year 2000, initiated the first broadcast of its strange and alien signal onto and into human consciousness.

 

WOW O WOW! Such a signal as that.

 

I intend marking this fortuitous date, by asking family and friends to return this e-mail to me on Wednesday, the 9Ninth of the 9Ninth Zero 9Nine. Preferably at either or all of the following times. 9:0 am, 18:36pm, 9:0 pm. If that is not possible then any time on the 9Ninth. Those sent back will be included (minus address) in a more personal document to be published on the site. And intended amongst other things to sound a tribute to those of you who have in whichever or whatever way all contributed to the EVOLUTION R EVOLUTION of this internet Book of Magical Intent.

 

Unless you wish to do so, there is no obligation to respond in writing to the e-mail although its return would be appreciated. Only then within the magic of mine and thine own minds I can there be established a circle in the cycle of communication. The mysterious betwixt and between of the go-between. A message from me to thee and thee to me. Abracadabra! strike a light O inner eye that sees, for herein have we accomplished the fulfilment and consecration of our mutually creative ritualistic exchange, a consummation of that sacred act of good intent.

 

Thank you for your help.

Dave D.

 

Thoughts of Love Light and Peace to the all and sundry of universal rainbow thought

 

 

carl parkin <carlparkin> 09 September 2009 18:36

----- Original Message ----- From: carlparkin

To:dave dennison

Sent: Wednesday, September 09, 2009 6:36 PM

Subject: Fw: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

Hi Dave, Happy Ninthday

 

 

 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Dave Denison" <dave@denizen>

To: "Dave Denison" < <dave@denizen>

Sent: Wednesday, September 09, 2009 9:09 PM

Subject: Fw: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

 

 

 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Dave Denison" <dave@denizen>

To: "Dave Denison" < <dave@denizen>

Sent: Wednesday, September 09, 2009 9:00 PM

Subject: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

GODDESS GO DO GOODNESS GOD GOODNESS GO DO GODDESS

 

 

 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Dave Denison" <dave@denizen>

To: "Dave Denison" < <dave@denizen>

Sent: Wednesday, September 09, 2009 9:09 PM

Subject: Fw: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

 

 

----- Original Message -----

From: "Dave Denison" <dave@denizen>

To: "Dave Denison" < <dave@denizen>

Sent: Wednesday, September 09, 2009 9:00 PM

Subject: 9NINTH 9NINTH 9NINTH

GODDESS GO DO GOODNESS GOD GOODNESS GO DO GODDESS

 

GOD GO DO GOOD GOOD DO GO GOD

 

 

GOD GO DO GOOD GOOD DO GO GOD

 

 

 

 

 

 

----- Original Message -----

 

I

STARE AT THE STAR OF RA AT THE STAR OF RA STARE

I

 

 

That sound, the original Vedic mantra OM, when expressed through Brahma's mouth becomes

the sacred Gayatri--mother of the Vedas. ... www.crystalinks.com/vedas.html

 

The Vedas are perhaps the oldest written text on our planet today. They date back to the beginning of Indian civilization and are the earliest literary records of the whole Aryan race. They are supposed to have been passed through oral tradition for over 100,000 years. They came to us in written form between 4-6,000 years ago.

The Vedas are divided into four groups, Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda. Each group has an original text (Mantra) and a commentary portion (Brahmana).

The Brahmana again has two portions, one interpreting ritual and the other the philosophy. The portions interpreting the philosophy of the original texts constitute the Upanishads.

There are also auxiliary texts called Vedangas. Vedic literature refers to the whole of this vast group of literature. The whole of Rgveda and most of Atharvaveda are in the form of poetry, or hymns to the deities and the elements.

Samaveda is in verses that are to be sung and Yajurveda is largely in short prose passages. Both Samaveda and Yajurveda are concerned with rituals rather than philosophy - especially Yajurveda.

Rigveda

The Rig-Veda Samhita is the oldest significant extant Indian text. It is a collection of 1,028 Vedic Sanskrit hymns and 10,600 verses in all, organized into ten books (Sanskrit: mandalas). The hymns are dedicated to Rigvedic deities. The books were composed by sages and poets from different priestly groups over a period of at least 500 years, which Avari dates as 1400 BCE to 900 BCE, if not earlier According to Max Müller, based on internal evidence (philological and linguistic), the Rigveda was composed roughly between 1700­1100 BCE (the early Vedic period) in the Punjab (Sapta Sindhu) region of the Indian subcontinent. Michael Witzel believes that the Rig Veda must have been composed more or less in the period 1450-1350 BCE. There are strong linguistic and cultural similarities between the Rigveda and the early Iranian Avesta, deriving from the Proto-Indo-Iranian times, often associated with the Andronovo culture; the earliest horse-drawn chariots were found at Andronovo sites in the Sintashta-Petrovka cultural area near the Ural mountains and date to ca. 2000 BCE.

Rigveda means the Veda of Adoration and mostly contains verses adoring or adulating deities. But it also dealt with other subjects, like the procedure of wedding, the folly of gambling. About two-thirds of Rigveda is about the gods Agni (Fire) and Indra (Ruler of the gods). Other Rigvedic gods include Rudra, the two Ashvins,Savitar and Surya, Varuna, the Maruts and the Ribhus. There are references to a divine creeper, the Soma, whose juice was an energizer. Some animals like horses, some rivers, and even some implements (like mortar and pestle) were deified. Rigveda contains a sense of intimate communion between Nature and the Rishis or visionaries. According to some, the concerns of Rigveda are those of simple, nomadic, pastoral Aryans. According to others, the people in the times of the Rigveda had a settled home, definite mode of life, developed social customs, political organizations, and even arts and amusements. Rigveda is the oldest, largest and most important of the Vedas, containing ten thousand verses forming 1017 poems in 20 groups.

Yajurveda

The Yajur-Veda ("Veda of sacrificial formulas") consists of archaic prose mantras and also in part of verses borrowed from the Rig-Veda. Its purpose was practical, in that each mantra must accompany an action in sacrifice but, unlike the Sama-Veda, it was compiled to apply to all sacrificial rites, not merely the Soma offering. There are two major recensions of this Veda known as the "Black" and "White" Yajur-Veda. The origin and meaning of these designations are not very clear. The White Yajur-Veda contains only the verses and sayings necessary for the sacrifice, while explanations exist in a separate Brahmana work. It differs widely from the Black Yajurveda, which incorporates such explanations in the work itself, often immediately following the verses. Of the Black Yajurveda four major recensions survive, all showing by and large the same arrangement, but differing in many other respects, notably in the individual discussion of the rituals but also in matters of phonology and accent.

Yajurveda refers to acts of worship such as oblations made into Agni or Fire. It has two branches, Krishna or Black and Shukla or White. While both contain mantras or incantations to be chanted at rituals, Black Yajurveda also has many explanations. The recensions of Black Yajurveda are Taittirya, Katthaka, Maitrayani and Kapishtthala. Those of White Yajurveda are Madhyanadina and Kanva. The literary value of Yajurveda is mostly for its prose, which consists of short terse sentences full of meaning and cadence.

Samveda

The Sama-Veda is the "Veda of chants" or "Knowledge of melodies". The name of this Veda is from the Sanskrit word saman which means a metrical hymn or song of praise. It consists of 1549 stanzas, taken entirely (except 78) from the Rig-Veda. Some of the Rig-Veda verses are repeated more than once. Including repetitions, there are a total of 1875 verses numbered in the Sama-Veda recension published by Griffith. Two major recensions remain today, the Kauthuma/Ranayaniya and the Jaiminiya. P> Its purpose was liturgical and practical, to serve as a songbook for the "singer" priests who took part in the liturgy. A priest who sings hymns from the Sama-Veda during a ritual is called an udgat, a word derived from the Sanskrit root ud-gai ("to sing" or "to chant"). A similar word in English might be "cantor". The styles of chanting are important to the liturgical use of the verses. The hymns were to be sung according to certain fixed melodies; hence the name of the collection.

Samaveda consists of a selection of poetry mainly from the Rigveda, and some original matter. It has two parts, Purva-Archika (First Adoratona) and Uttar-Archika (Later Adoration), containing verses addressed to the three gods Agni (Fire), Indra (King of Gods) and Soma (Energizing Herb). The verses are not to be chanted anyhow, but to be sung in specifically indicated melodies using the seven svaras or notes. Such songs are called Samagana and in this sense Samaveda is really a book of hymns.

Atharvaveda

Atharvaveda means the Veda of the Wise and the Old. It is associated with the name of the ancient poet Atharvan (The Wise Old One). It is also called Atharva-Angirasa, being associated with the name of another rishi, Angiras. Although later in age, the Atharvaveda reveals a more primitive culture than the Rigveda. The custom is to enumerate Yajurveda and Samaveda after the Rigveda, and mention Atharvaveda last. Atharvaveda contains about 6 thousand verses forming 731 poems and a small portion in prose. About one seventh of the Atharvaveda text is common to the Rigveda.

Atharvaveda contains first class poetry coming from visionary poets, much of it being glorification of the curative powers of herbs and waters. Many poems relate to diseases like cough and jaundice, to male and female demons that cause diseases, to sweet-smelling herbs and magic amulets, which drive diseases away. There are poems relating to sins and their atonement, errors in performing rituals and their expiatory acts, political and philosophical issues, and a wonderful hymn to Prithvi or Mother Earth.

Vedas Wikipedia

 

The Vedas describe Vimanas or space ships

Upanishads

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WOW O WOW

 

 

OM BHUR BHUVAH SVAHA TAT SAVITUR VARENYAM

BHARGO DEVASYA DHIMAHI DHIYO YO NAH PRACODAYAT

 

Aum

Bhuh Bhuvah Svah

Tat Savitur Varenyam

Bhargo Devasya Dheemahi

Dhiyo Yo nah Prachodayat

 

 

elemental facets to the adoration of our Lord: Praise, Meditation and ...
groups.msn.com/YHVH/mantra.msnw

The Rig Veda (10:16:3)

 

OM

BHUR BHUVA SVAHA

TAT SAVITUR VARENYAM

BHARGO DEVASYA DHEEMAHI

DHI YO YONAH PRACHODAYAT

 

 

3 Jun 2010 ... Everybody Hurts Lyrics by R.E.M. are the property of the respective authors, artists and labels, Everybody Hurts Lyrics by R.E.M. are ...
www.lyrics007.com/...%20Lyrics/Everybody%20Hurts%20Lyrics.html

Berry/Buck/Mills/Stipe)

When the day is long and the night, the night is yours alone,
When you're sure you've had enough of this life, well hang on
Don't let yourself go, 'cause everybody cries and everybody hurts sometimes

Sometimes everything is wrong. Now it's time to sing along
When your day is night alone, (hold on, hold on)
If you feel like letting go, (hold on)
When you think you've had too much of this life, well hang on

'Cause everybody hurts. Take comfort in your friends
Everybody hurts. Don't throw your hand. Oh, no. Don't throw your hand
If you feel like you're alone, no, no, no, you are not alone

If you're on your own in this life, the days and nights are long,
When you think you've had too much of this life to hang on

Well, everybody hurts sometimes,
Everybody cries. And everybody hurts sometimes
And everybody hurts sometimes. So, hold on, hold on
Hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on
Everybody hurts. You are not alone

 

 

WOW O WOW

 

 

Search ResultsWow! signal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 10:31am
The Wow! signal was a strong narrowband radio signal detected by Dr. Jerry R. Ehman on August 15, 1977, while working on a SETI project at The Big Ear radio ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal - Cached - Similar

SETI
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see SETI (disambiguation).

Screen shot of the screensaver for SETI@home, a distributed computing project in which volunteers donate idle computer power to analyze radio signals for signs of extraterrestrial intelligenceSearch for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) is the collective name for a number of activities people undertake to search for extraterrestrial life. SETI projects use scientific methods to search for electromagnetic transmissions from civilizations on distant planets.[1][2] The United States government contributed to earlier SETI projects, but recent work has been primarily funded by private sources.

There are great challenges in searching across the sky for a first transmission that could be characterized as intelligent, since its direction, spectrum and method of communication are all unknown beforehand. SETI projects necessarily make assumptions to narrow the search, and thus no exhaustive search has been conducted so far.

Contents [hide]
1 Radio experiments
1.1 Early work
1.2 Sentinel, META, and BETA
1.3 MOP and Project Phoenix
1.4 The SETI League and Project Argus
1.5 SETI@home
1.6 Allen Telescope Array
1.7 SETI Net
1.8 Interstellar Message Realized and Paper Projects
2 Optical experiments
3 Probe SETI and SETA experiments
4 Fermi paradox
5 Message decoding
6 Public information
7 Criticism
7.1 "Active" SETI
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
11 Further reading

[edit] Radio experiments

Microwave window as seen by a ground based system. From NASA report SP-419: SETI - the Search for Extraterrestrial IntelligenceMany radio frequencies penetrate our atmosphere quite well, and this led to radio telescopes that investigate the cosmos using large radio antennas. Furthermore, the earth emits considerable radio radiation as a byproduct of communications such as TV and radio, and these radiations would be easy to recognize as artificial due to their repetitive nature and narrow bandwidths. If this is typical, one way of discovering an extraterrestrial civilization might be to detect non-natural radio emissions from a location outside our solar system.

[edit] Early work
A 1959 paper by Cocconi and Morrison[3] first pointed out the possibility of searching the microwave spectrum, and proposed frequencies and a set of initial targets.

In 1960, Cornell University astronomer Frank Drake performed the first modern SETI experiment, named "Project Ozma", after the Queen of Oz in L. Frank Baum's fantasy books. Drake used a 26-meter-diameter radio telescope at Green Bank, West Virginia, to examine the stars Tau Ceti and Epsilon Eridani near the 1.420 gigahertz marker frequency. A 400 kilohertz band was scanned around the marker frequency, using a single-channel receiver with a bandwidth of 100 hertz. The information was stored on tape for off-line analysis. He found nothing of great interest.

The first SETI conference took place at Green Bank in 1961. The Soviets took a strong interest in SETI during the 1960s and performed a number of searches with omnidirectional antennas in the hope of picking up powerful radio signals. American astronomer Carl Sagan and Soviet astronomer Iosif Shklovskii together wrote the pioneering book in the field, Intelligent Life in the Universe which was published in 1966.[4]

The first Kraus-style radio telescope was powered up in 1963. It was 360 feet (110 m) wide, 500 feet (150 m) long, and 70 feet (21 m) high. In the March 1955 issue of Scientific American, John Kraus described a concept to scan the cosmos for natural radio signals using a flat-plane radio telescope equipped with a parabolic reflector. Within two years, his concept was approved for construction by Ohio State University. With $71,000 total in grants from the National Science Foundation, construction began on a 20-acre plot in Delaware, Ohio. This Ohio State University radio telescope was called Big Ear. Later, it began the world's first continuous SETI program, called the Ohio State University SETI program.

View of Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico with its 300 m dish- the world's largest. A small fraction of its observation time is devoted to SETI searches.In 1971, NASA funded a SETI study that involved Drake, Bernard Oliver of Hewlett-Packard Corporation, and others. The resulting report proposed the construction of an Earth-based radio telescope array with 1,500 dishes known as "Project Cyclops". The price tag for the Cyclops array was $10 billion USD. Cyclops was not built, but the report[5] formed the basis of much SETI work that followed.

In 1974, a largely symbolic attempt was made at the Arecibo Observatory to send a message to other worlds. It was sent towards the globular star cluster M13, which is 25,000 light years from Earth.

The WOW! Signal
Credit: The Ohio State University Radio Observatory and the North American AstroPhysical Observatory (NAAPO).The OSU SETI program gained fame on August 15, 1977 when Jerry Ehman, a project volunteer, witnessed a startlingly strong signal received by the telescope. He quickly circled the indication on a printout and scribbled the phrase “Wow!” in the margin. This signal, dubbed the Wow! signal, is considered by some[who?] to be the most likely candidate from an artificial, extraterrestrial source ever discovered, but it has not been detected again in several additional searches.

In 1979 the University of California, Berkeley launched a SETI project named "Search for Extraterrestrial Radio Emissions from Nearby Developed Intelligent Populations (SERENDIP)".[6] In 1986, UC Berkeley initiated their second SETI effort, SERENDIP II, and has continued with four more SERENDIP efforts to the present day. The latest incarnation of the SERENDIP project is SERENDIP V.v, a commensal all-sky survey using the Arecibo radio telescope began in June 2009.

[edit] Sentinel, META, and BETA
In 1980, Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray, and Louis Friedman founded the U.S. Planetary Society, partly as a vehicle for SETI studies.

In the early 1980s, Harvard University physicist Paul Horowitz took the next step and proposed the design of a spectrum analyzer specifically intended to search for SETI transmissions. Traditional desktop spectrum analyzers were of little use for this job, as they sampled frequencies using banks of analog filters and so were restricted in the number of channels they could acquire. However, modern integrated-circuit digital signal processing (DSP) technology could be used to build autocorrelation receivers to check far more channels. This work led in 1981 to a portable spectrum analyzer named "Suitcase SETI" that had a capacity of 131,000 narrow band channels. After field tests that lasted into 1982, Suitcase SETI was put into use in 1983 with the 26-meter Harvard/Smithsonian radio telescope at Harvard, Massachusetts. This project was named "Sentinel", and continued into 1985.

Even 131,000 channels weren't enough to search the sky in detail at a fast rate, so Suitcase SETI was followed in 1985 by Project "META", for "Megachannel Extra-Terrestrial Assay". The META spectrum analyzer had a capacity of 8.4 million channels and a channel resolution of 0.05 hertz. An important feature of META was its use of frequency doppler shift to distinguish between signals of terrestrial and extraterrestrial origin. The project was led by Horowitz with the help of the Planetary Society, and was partly funded by movie maker Steven Spielberg. A second such effort, META II, was begun in Argentina in 1990 to search the southern sky. META II is still in operation, after an equipment upgrade in 1996.

The follow-on to META was named "BETA", for "Billion-channel ExtraTerrestrial Assay", and it commenced observation on October 30, 1995. The heart of BETA's processing capability consisted of 63 dedicated fast Fourier transform (FFT) engines, each capable of performing a 222-point complex FFTs in two seconds, and 21 general-purpose personal computers equipped with custom digital signal processing boards. This allowed BETA to receive 250 million simultaneous channels with a resolution of 0.5 hertz per channel. It scanned through the microwave spectrum from 1.400 to 1.720 gigahertz in eight hops, with two seconds of observation per hop. An important capability of the BETA search was rapid and automatic re-observation of candidate signals, achieved by observing the sky with two adjacent beams, one slightly to the east and the other slightly to the west. A successful candidate signal would first transit the east beam, and then the west beam and do so with a speed consistent with Earth's sidereal rotation rate. A third receiver observed the horizon to veto signals of obvious terrestrial origin. On March 23, 1999 the 26-meter radio telescope on which Sentinel, META and BETA were based was blown over by strong winds and seriously damaged. This forced the BETA project to cease operation.

[edit] MOP and Project Phoenix

Sensitivity vs range for SETI radio searches. The diagonal lnes show transmitters of different effective powers. The X axis is the sensitivity of the search. The Y axis on the right is the range in light years, and on the left is the number of sun-like stars within this range. The vertical line labeled SS is the typical sensitivity achieved by a full sky search, such as BETA above. The vertical line labeled TS is the typical sensitivity achieved by a targeted search such as Phoenix.[7]In 1992, the U.S. government funded an operational SETI program, in the form of the NASA Microwave Observing Program (MOP). MOP was planned as a long-term effort to conduct a general survey of the sky and also carry out targeted searches of 800 specific nearby stars. MOP was to be performed by radio dishes associated with the NASA Deep Space Network, as well as a 43-meter dish at Green Bank and the large Arecibo satellite dish. The signals were to be analyzed by spectrum analyzers, each with a capacity of 15 million channels. These spectrum analyzers could be grouped together to obtain greater capacity. Those used in the targeted search had a bandwidth of 1 hertz per channel, while those used in the sky survey had a bandwidth of 30 hertz per channel.

MOP drew the attention of the U.S. Congress, where the program was ridiculed[8] and canceled a year after its start. SETI advocates continued without government funding, and in 1995 the nonprofit SETI Institute of Mountain View, California resurrected the MOP program under the name of Project "Phoenix", backed by private sources of funding. Project Phoenix, under the direction of Jill Tarter, is a continuation of the targeted search program from MOP and studies roughly 1,000 nearby Sun-like stars. From 1995 through March 2004, Phoenix conducted observations at the 64-meter Parkes radio telescope in Australia, the 140-foot (43 m) Telescope of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in West Virginia, and the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. The project observed the equivalent of 800 stars over the available channels in the frequency range from 1200 to 3000 MHz. The search was sensitive enough to pick up transmitters with 1 GW EIRP to a distance of about 200 light years.

[edit] The SETI League and Project Argus
Founded in 1994 in response to the US Congress cancellation of the NASA SETI program, The SETI League, Inc. is a membership-supported nonprofit organization with 1500 members in 62 countries on all seven continents. This grass-roots alliance of amateur and professional radio astronomers is headed by executive director emeritus Prof. H. Paul Shuch, the engineer credited with developing the world's first commercial home satellite TV receiver. Many SETI League members are licensed radio amateurs and microwave experimenters. Others are digital signal processing experts and computer enthusiasts.

The SETI League pioneered the conversion of 3 to 5 metre diameter backyard satellite TV dishes into research-grade radio telescopes of modest sensitivity.[9] The organization concentrates on coordinating a global network of small, amateur-built radio telescopes under Project Argus, an all-sky survey seeking to achieve real-time coverage of the entire sky. Project Argus was conceived as a continuation of the all-sky survey component of the late NASA SETI program (the targeted search having been continued by the SETI Institute's Project Phoenix). There are currently 143 Project Argus radio telescopes operating in 27 countries. Project Argus instruments typically exhibit sensitivity on the order of 10−23 Watts/square metre, or roughly equivalent to that achieved by the Ohio State University Big Ear radio telescope in 1977, when it detected the landmark "Wow!" candidate signal.

The name "Argus" derives from the mythical Greek guard-beast who had 100 eyes, and could see in all directions at once. In the SETI context, the name has been used for radio telescopes in fiction (Arthur C. Clarke, "Imperial Earth"; Carl Sagan, "Contact"), was the name initially used for the NASA study ultimately known as "Cyclops," and is the name given to an omnidirectional radio telescope design being developed at the Ohio State University.

[edit] SETI@home

SETI@home logoMain article: SETI@home
SETI@home is a popular volunteer distributed computing project that was launched by the University of California, Berkeley in May 1999. It was originally funded by The Planetary Society and Paramount Pictures, and later by the state of California. The project is run by director David P. Anderson and chief scientist Dan Werthimer. Any individual can become involved with SETI research by downloading the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) software program, attaching to the SETI@home project, and allowing the program to run as a background process that uses idle computer power. The SETI@home program itself runs signal analysis on a "work unit" of data recorded from the central 2.5 MHz wide band of the SERENDIP IV instrument. After computation on the work unit is complete, the results are then automatically reported back to SETI@home servers at UC Berkeley. As of June 28, 2009 the SETI@home project has over 180,000 active participants volunteering a total of over 290,000 computers. These computers give SETI@home an average computational power of 617 teraFLOPS,[10] making it more powerful than Tianhe-I, the seventh most powerful computer in the world. Radio source SHGb02+14a is the most interesting signal analyzed to date.[citation needed]

[edit] Allen Telescope Array
Main article: Allen Telescope Array
The SETI Institute is now collaborating with the Radio Astronomy Laboratory at UC Berkeley to develop a specialized radio telescope array for SETI studies, something like a mini-Cyclops array. The new array concept is named the "Allen Telescope Array" (ATA) (formerly, One Hectare Telescope [1HT]) after the project's benefactor Paul Allen. Its sensitivity will be equivalent to a single large dish more than 100 meters in diameter. The array is being constructed at the Hat Creek Observatory in rural northern California.[11]

The full array is planned to consist of 350 or more Gregorian radio dishes, each 6.1 meters (20 ft) in diameter. These dishes are the largest producible with commercially available satellite television dish technology. The ATA was planned for a 2007 completion date, at a very modest cost of $25 million USD. The SETI Institute provides money for building the ATA while UC Berkeley designs the telescope and provides operational funding. Berkeley astronomers will use the ATA to pursue other deep space radio observations. The ATA is intended to support a large number of simultaneous observations through a technique known as "multibeaming", in which DSP technology is used to sort out signals from the multiple dishes. The DSP system planned for the ATA is extremely ambitious.

The first portion of the array became operational in October 2007 with 42 antennas. Completion of the full 350 element array will depend on funding and the technical results from the 42-element sub-array.

CNET published an article and pictures about the Allen Telescope Array (ATA) on December 12, 2008.[12][13]

[edit] SETI Net
SETI Net is a private search system created by a single individual. It is closely affiliated with the SETI League and is one of the project Argus stations (DM12jw).

The SETI Net station consists of off-the-shelf, consumer-grade electronics to minimize cost and to allow this design to be replicated as simply as possible. It has a 3-meter parabolic antenna that can be directed in azimuth and elevation, an LNA that covers the 1420 MHz spectrum, a receiver to reproduce the wideband audio, and a standard PC as the control device and for deploying the detection algorithms.

The antenna can be pointed and locked to one sky location, enabling the system to integrate on it for long periods. Currently the Wow! signal area is being monitored when it is above the horizon, but all search data is collected and made available on the internet archive.

SETI Net started operation in the early 1980s as a way to learn about the science of the search, and has developed several software packages for the amateur SETI community. It has provided an astronomical clock, a file manager to keep track of SETI data files, a spectrum analyzer optimized for amateur SETI, remote control of the station from the internet, and other packages.

[edit] Interstellar Message Realized and Paper Projects
The first Interstellar Radio Message (IRM), "Arecibo Message", was transmitted in Nov, 1974 from Arecibo Radar Telescope. IRMs Cosmic Call, Teen Age Message, and Cosmic Call 2 were transmitted in 1999, 2001, and 2003 from Eupatoria Planetary Radar; see Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence and Active SETI.

Directed by Douglas Vakoch at SETI in Mountain View, the Interstellar Message Composition Project is charged with sending messages to extraterrestrials that convey basic scientific or mathematical principles, as well as human altruism. Vackoch's idea is to send a message of reciprocal altruism because hopefully any extraterrestrials would reciprocate with a reply back.

Vakoch has founded "Encoding Altruism", a workshop that started in 2003 in Paris that brings together anthropologists, philosophers, physicists, astronomers, theologians, musicians, and artists to address the challenge of communicating with extraterrestrials in a language and syntax that would be intelligible to an alien civilization.

Vakoch's most recent research is highlighted through Greater Good Science Center, University of California, Berkeley.

[edit] Optical experiments
While most SETI sky searches have studied the radio spectrum, some SETI researchers have considered the possibility that alien civilizations might be using powerful lasers for interstellar communications at optical wavelengths. The idea was first suggested by R. N. Schwartz and Charles Hard Townes in a 1961 paper published in the journal Nature titled "Interstellar and Interplanetary Communication by Optical Masers". In 1983, Townes, one of the inventors of the laser, published a detailed study of the idea in the US journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Most SETI researchers agreed with the idea.

The 1971 Cyclops study discounted the possibility of optical SETI, reasoning that construction of a laser system that could outshine the bright central star of a remote star system would be too difficult.

Some SETI advocates, such as Frank Drake, have suggested that such a judgment was too conservative; early 21st century humans have no means of knowing how a superior technology is communicating or would communicate, and negative results may simply mean humans are making the wrong searches.[citation needed]

There are two problems with optical SETI. The first problem is that lasers are highly "monochromatic", that is, they emit light only on one frequency, making it troublesome to figure out what frequency to look for.

However, according to the uncertainty principle, emitting light in narrow pulses results in a broad spectrum of emission; the spread in frequency becomes higher as the pulse width becomes narrower, making it easier to detect an emission.

The other problem is that while radio transmissions can be broadcast in all directions, lasers are highly directional. This means that a laser beam could be easily blocked by clouds of interstellar dust, and Earth would have to cross its direct line of fire by chance to receive it.

Optical SETI supporters have conducted paper studies[14] of the effectiveness of using contemporary high-energy lasers and a ten-meter focus mirror as an interstellar beacon. The analysis shows that an infrared pulse from a laser, focused into a narrow beam by such a mirror, would appear thousands of times brighter than the Sun to a distant civilization in the beam's line of fire. The Cyclops study proved incorrect in suggesting a laser beam would be inherently hard to see.

Such a system could be made to automatically steer itself through a target list, sending a pulse to each target at a constant rate. This would allow targeting of all Sun-like stars within a distance of 100 light-years. The studies have also described an automatic laser pulse detector system with a low-cost, two-meter mirror made of carbon composite materials, focusing on an array of light detectors. This automatic detector system could perform sky surveys to detect laser flashes from civilizations attempting contact.

In the 1980s, two Soviet researchers conducted a short optical SETI search, but turned up nothing. During much of the 1990s, the optical SETI cause was kept alive through searches by Stuart Kingsley, a dedicated British amateur living in the US state of Ohio.

Several optical SETI experiments are now in progress. A Harvard-Smithsonian group that includes Paul Horowitz designed a laser detector and mounted it on Harvard's 155 centimeter (61 inch) optical telescope. This telescope is currently being used for a more conventional star survey, and the optical SETI survey is "piggybacking" on that effort. Between October 1998 and November 1999, the survey inspected about 2,500 stars. Nothing that resembled an intentional laser signal was detected, but efforts continue. The Harvard-Smithsonian group is now working with Princeton University to mount a similar detector system on Princeton's 91-centimeter (36-inch) telescope. The Harvard and Princeton telescopes will be "ganged" to track the same targets at the same time, with the intent being to detect the same signal in both locations as a means of reducing errors from detector noise.

The Harvard-Smithsonian group is now building a dedicated all-sky optical survey system along the lines of that described above, featuring a 1.8-meter (72-inch) telescope. The new optical SETI survey telescope is being set up at the Oak Ridge Observatory in Harvard, Massachusetts.

The University of California, Berkeley, home of SERENDIP and SETI@home, is also conducting optical SETI searches. One is being directed by Geoffrey Marcy, an extrasolar planet hunter, and involves examination of records of spectra taken during extrasolar planet hunts for a continuous, rather than pulsed, laser signal. The other Berkeley optical SETI effort is more like that being pursued by the Harvard-Smithsonian group and is being directed by Dan Werthimer of Berkeley, who built the laser detector for the Harvard-Smithsonian group. The Berkeley survey uses a 76-centimeter (30-inch) automated telescope at Leuschner Observatory and an older laser detector built by Werthimer.

[edit] Probe SETI and SETA experiments
The possibility of using interstellar messenger probes in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence was first suggested by Ronald N. Bracewell in 1960 (see Bracewell probe), and the technical feasibility of this approach was demonstrated by the British Interplanetary Society's starship study Project Daedalus in 1978. Starting in 1979, Robert Freitas advanced arguments [15][16][17] for the proposition that physical space-probes are a superior mode of interstellar communication to radio signals. See Voyager Golden Record.

In recognition that any sufficiently advanced interstellar probe in the vicinity of Earth could easily monitor our terrestrial Internet, Invitation to ETI was established by Prof. Allen Tough in 1996, as a Web-based SETI experiment inviting such spacefaring probes to establish contact with humanity. The project's 100 Signatories includes prominent physical, biological, and social scientists, as well as artists, educators, entertainers, philosophers and futurists. Prof. H. Paul Shuch, executive director emeritus of The SETI League, serves as the project's Principal Investigator.

In a 2004 paper ,[18] C. Rose and G. Wright showed that inscribing a message in matter and transporting it to an interstellar destination can be enormously more energy efficient than communication using electromagnetic waves if delays larger than light transit time can be tolerated. That said, for simple messages such as "hello," radio SETI could be far more efficient .[19] If energy requirement is used as a proxy for technical difficulty, then a solarcentric Search for Extraterrestrial Artifacts (SETA) [20] may be a useful supplement to traditional radio or optical searches.[21]

Much like the "preferred frequency" concept in SETI radio beacon theory, the Earth-Moon or Sun-Earth libration orbits [22] might therefore constitute the most universally convenient parking places for automated extraterrestrial spacecraft exploring arbitrary stellar systems. A viable long-term SETI program may be founded upon a search for these objects.

In 1979, Freitas and Valdes conducted a photographic search of the vicinity of the Earth-Moon triangular libration points L4 and L5, and of the solar-synchronized positions in the associated halo orbits, seeking possible orbiting extraterrestrial interstellar probes, but found nothing to a detection limit of about 14th magnitude.[22] The authors conducted a second, more comprehensive photographic search for probes in 1982 [23] that examined the five Earth-Moon Lagrangian positions and included the solar-synchronized positions in the stable L4/L5 libration orbits, the potentially stable nonplanar orbits near L1/L2, Earth-Moon L3, and also L2 in the Sun-Earth system. Again no extraterrestrial probes were found to limiting magnitudes of 17-19th magnitude near L3/L4/L5, 10-18th magnitude for L1/L2, and 14-16th magnitude for Sun-Earth L2.

In June 1983, Valdes and Freitas [24] used the 26 m radiotelescope at Hat Creek Radio Observatory to search for the tritium hyperfine line at 1516 MHz from 108 assorted astronomical objects, with emphasis on 53 nearby stars including all visible stars within a 20 light-year radius. The tritium frequency was deemed highly attractive for SETI work because (1) the isotope is cosmically rare, (2) the tritium hyperfine line is centered in the SETI waterhole region of the terrestrial microwave window, and (3) in addition to beacon signals, tritium hyperfine emission may occur as a byproduct of extensive nuclear fusion energy production by extraterrestrial civilizations. The wideband- and narrowband-channel observations achieved sensitivities of 5-14 x 10−21 W/m²/channel and 0.7-2 x 10−24 W/m²/channel, respectively, but no detections were made.

[edit] Fermi paradox
Main article: Fermi paradox
Italian physicist Enrico Fermi suggested in the 1950s that if technologically advanced civilizations are common in the universe, then they should be detectable in one way or another. (According to those who were there,[25] Fermi either asked "Where are they?" or "Where is everybody?")

The Fermi paradox can be stated more completely as follows:

The size and age of the universe incline us to believe that many technologically advanced civilizations must exist. However, this belief seems logically inconsistent with our lack of observational evidence to support it. Either (1) the initial assumption is incorrect and technologically advanced intelligent life is much rarer than we believe, or (2) our current observations are incomplete and we simply have not detected them yet, or (3) our search methodologies are flawed and we are not searching for the correct indicators.
Possible explanations for the paradox suggest, for example, that while simple life may well be abundant in the universe, intelligent life may be exceedingly rare. In 2000, Peter Ward, professor of Biology and of Earth and Space Sciences at the University of Washington authored a book claiming the Rare Earth hypothesis. In short, the theory claims that the emergence of complex multicellular life (metazoa) on Earth required an extremely unlikely combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances. This hypothesis contradicts the principle of mediocrity, which SETI takes as an assumption.

Another suggestion, made by astrophysicist Ray Norris in 2000[26] (and subsequently by Allen Tough[27]) was that gamma-ray burst events are sufficiently frequent to sterilize vast swaths of galactic real-estate. This idea was subsequently popularized by physicist Arnon Dar, and described in the show Death Star on PBS Nova.[28]

Science writer Timothy Ferris has posited that since galactic societies are most likely only transitory, an obvious solution is an interstellar communications network, or a type of library consisting mostly of automated systems. They would store the cumulative knowledge of vanished civilizations and communicate that knowledge through the galaxy. Ferris calls this the "Interstellar Internet", with the various automated systems acting as network "servers".

If such an Interstellar Internet exists, the hypothesis states, communications between servers are mostly through narrow-band, highly directional radio or laser links. Intercepting such signals is, as discussed earlier, very difficult. However, the network could maintain some broadcast nodes in hopes of making contact with new civilizations.

Although somewhat dated in terms of "information culture" arguments, not to mention the obvious technological problems of a system that could work effectively for billions of years and requires multiple lifeforms agreeing on certain basics of communications technologies, this hypothesis is actually testable (see below).

An alternate hypothesis is that evolutionary pressures in many environments favor species which rapidly consume available resources once they achieve dominance. By the time they have achieved sufficient technology to come to the notice of other civilizations, they are already well on their way to exhausting the resources of their host planet. Therefore the time period available for communication is finite, and very small compared with planetary timescales.

[edit] Message decoding
[clarification needed]

As soon as a message is determined to be SETI in origin, it would have to be decoded. This poses many technical challenges, but the use of existing intellectual tools is probably adequate to help.

The Fourier Transform (FFT) for the other data indicated some strong structures. In the case of the random values, the results of the FFT is rather very noisy and does not show any particular feature.

The combined use of the Fourier Transform and the Kappa test as a first step to decode a message seems to reveal a lot of important information.

Messages formatted as a 2D structure (as an image) seem to have a better chance to be detected as the kappa test and Fourier tests haves shown with the METI messages that have been transmitted by humans.

The application of the Markov process (or the Hidden Markov model) to the deciphering of SETI messages is centred on the idea of probabilistic relation between two words. These symbolic relations can be built into a tree of probabilities applied to a series of words.

From another point of view Markov Models can provide a clearer view of the probability of which one symbol will follow another in a sentence. Markov Models can be used to build tables of association of icons or bitstreams.

The ultimate goal of these information theory and cryptographic processes is to decode and understand the meaning of the message. All the tools contained in cryptanalysis and information theory can help deciphering the format and the logic behind the symbols but nothing more.

The combination of all of these intellectual methods would the beginning of building a lexicon to understand the transmitted message—but these tools will not help understand the meaning of the symbols. If the message is a simple text with questions and inviting us to send our answers, it could not be understood at all.

[edit] Public information
The International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) has a long-standing SETI Permanent Study Group (SPSG, formerly called the IAA SETI Committee), which addresses matters of SETI science, technology, and international policy. The SPSG meets in conjunction with the International Astronautical Congress (IAC) held annually at different locations around the world, and sponsors two SETI Symposia at each IAC.

In 2005, the International Academy of Astronautics established the SETI: Post-Detection Science and Technology Taskgroup (Chairman, Professor Paul Davies) "to act as a Standing Committee to be available to be called on at any time to advise and consult on questions stemming from the discovery of a putative signal of extraterrestrial intelligent (ETI) origin." It will use, in part, the Rio Scale to evaluate the importance of releasing the information to the public.

[edit] Criticism
As various SETI projects have continued, some have criticized early claims by researchers now seen to be too "euphoric" or "optimistic." For example, Peter Schenkel, while remaining a supporter of SETI projects, has written that "[i]n light of new findings and insights, it seems appropriate to put excessive euphoria to rest and to take a more down-to-earth view ... We should quietly admit that the early estimates — that there may be a million, a hundred thousand, or ten thousand advanced extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy — may no longer be tenable."[1] Clive Trotman presents some sobering but realistic calculations emphasizing the timeframe dimension.[29]

SETI has also occasionally been the target of criticism by those who suggest that it is a form of pseudoscience. In particular, critics allege that no observed phenomena suggest the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence, and furthermore that the assertion of the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence has no good Popperian criteria for falsifiability.[30]

In response, SETI advocates note, among other things, that the Drake Equation was never a hypothesis, and so never intended to be testable, nor to be "solved"; it was merely a clever representation of the agenda for the world's first scientific SETI meeting in 1961, and it serves as a tool in formulating testable hypotheses. Further, they note that the existence of intelligent life on Earth is a plausible reason to expect it elsewhere, and that individual SETI projects have clearly defined "stop" conditions. Many detractors have not considered the collection and processing of data, the first order of business, and the refining of those data streams, in the case of SETI through algorithm optimization. To justify SETI projects does not require an acceptance of the Drake equation. Science proceeds through hypothesis. If one were to only take what was at face value observable, many scientific phenomena never would have been discovered.

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence is not an assertion that extraterrestrial intelligence exists, and conflating the two can be seen as a straw man argument. There is an effort to distinguish the SETI projects from UFOlogy, the study of UFOs, which many consider to be pseudoscience. In Skeptical Inquirer, Mark Moldwin argued that the important differences between the two projects were the acceptance of SETI by the mainstream scientific community and that "[t]he methodology of SETI leads to useful scientific results even in the absence of discovery of alien life."[31]

Some in the UFO community, such as nuclear physicist Stanton Friedman, say there is no basis for the search and it is therefore unscientific. Friedman has challenged SETI specialists to debate the issues, with no takers so far.[32] Examples of objections to SETI include questioning energy requirements as well as why advanced civilizations would use radio.

[edit] "Active" SETI
Active SETI (also known as METI = "Messaging to Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence") consists of sending signals into space in the hope that they will be picked up by an alien intelligence. Physicist Stephen Hawking, in his book A Brief History of Time, suggests that "alerting" extraterrestrial intelligences of our existence is foolhardy, citing man's history of treating man in meetings of civilizations with a significant technology gap. He bluntly suggests that we "lay low".

The concern over SETI was raised by the science journal Nature in an editorial in October 2006, which commented on a recent meeting of the International Academy of Astronautics SETI study group. The editor said, "It is not obvious that all extraterrestrial civilizations will be benign, or that contact with even a benign one would not have serious repercussions" (Nature Vol 443 12 Oct 06 p 606). Astronomer and science fiction author David Brin has expressed similar concerns.[33]

As was suggested by Richard Carrigan, a particle physicist at the US Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois, 'passive' SETI could also be dangerous in the style of computer viruses.[34]

To lend a quantitative basis to discussions of the risks of transmitting deliberate messages from Earth, the SETI Permanent Study Group of the International Academy of Astronautics adopted in 2007 a new analytical tool, the San Marino Scale.[35] Developed by Prof. Ivan Almar and Prof. H. Paul Shuch, the scale evaluates the significance of transmissions from Earth as a function of signal intensity and information content. Its adoption suggests that not all such transmissions are equal, thus each must be evaluated separately before establishing blanket international policy regarding Active SETI.[citation needed]

But some scientists consider these fears about the dangers of METI as panic and irrational superstition; see, for example, Alexander L. Zaitsev's papers.[36][37]

[edit] See also
Active SETI
Alien language
Astrobiology
Carl Sagan
Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence
Contact, a novel by SETI advocate Carl Sagan, later made into a film
Darwin Mission
Drake equation
Extraterrestrial life
Fermi paradox
First contact
Iosif Shklovsky
Terrestrial Planet Finder
The Big Ear: The Ohio State University Radio Observatory
SETI@home
Space archaeology
Wow! signal

[edit] References
1.^ a b Schenkel, Peter (May 2006). "SETI Requires a Skeptical Reappraisal". Skeptical Inquirer. http://www.csicop.org/si/2006-03/seti.html. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
2.^ Moldwin, Mark (November 2004). "Why SETI is science and UFOlogy is not". Skeptical Inquirer. http://www.csicop.org/si/2004-11/.
3.^ Cocconi, G., and Morrison, P. (1959). "Searching for Interstellar Communication". Nature 184 (844).
4.^ Sagan, Carl; Iosif Shklovskii (1966). Intelligent Life in the Universe.
5.^ "Project Cyclops: A design study of a system for detecting extraterrestial intelligent life". NASA. 1971. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730010095_1973010095.pdf. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
6.^ "SERENDIP". UC Berkeley. http://seti.ssl.berkeley.edu/serendip/. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
7.^ Wolfe, JH et al (1979). "CP-2156, Chapter 5.5. SETI - The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence: Plans and Rationale". NASA. http://history.nasa.gov/CP-2156/ch5.5.htm. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
8.^ "Ear to the Universe Is Plugged by Budget Cutters". The New York Times. October 7, 1993. http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/07/us/ear-to-the-universe-is-plugged-by-budget-cutters.html?pagewanted=1/. Retrieved May 23, 2010.
9.^ Chown, Marcus (April 1997). "The Alien Spotters". New Scientist: 28. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg15420784.500-the-alien-spotters.html. Retrieved 2008-04-13.
10.^ de Zutter, Willy. "SETI@home — Credit Overview". BOINCstats. http://www.boincstats.com/stats/project_graph.php?pr=sah. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
11.^ "Allen Telescope Array General Overview". SETI Institute. http://www.seti.org/site/pp.asp?c=ktJ2J9MMIsE&b=179146. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
12.^ http://news.cnet.com/8301-13772_3-10121889-52.html
13.^ http://news.cnet.com/2300-11397_3-6248324-1.html?tag=mncol
14.^ Exers, Ronald, D. Cullers, J. Billingham, L. Scheffer (editors) (2003). SETI 2020: A Roadmap for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. SETI Press. ISBN 0-9666335-3-9.
15.^ Freitas Jr., Robert A. (1980). "Interstellar probes — A new approach to SETI". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/InterstellarProbesJBIS1980.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
16.^ Freitas Jr., Robert A (1983). "Debunking the Myths of Interstellar Probes". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/ProbeMyths1983.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
17.^ Freitas Jr., Robert A. (1983). "The Case for Interstellar Probes". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/TheCaseForInterstellarProbes1983.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
18.^ C. Rose and G. Wright (2 September 2004). "Inscribed matter as an energy efficient means of communication with an extraterrestrial civilization". Nature 431: 47–49. doi:10.1038/nature02884. http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/~crose/papers/nature.pdf.
19.^ Woodruff T. Sullivan. (2 September 2004). "Message in a bottle". Nature Magazine 431 (7004): 27–28.
20.^ Freitas Jr., Robert A (November 1983). "The Search for Extraterrestrial Artifacts (SETA)". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/SETAJBISNov1983.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
21.^ Editors (8 September 2004). "NY Times Editorial". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/08/opinion/08wed3.html?_r=1&ex=1252382400&en=5d6483f134ede447&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland.
22.^ a b Freitas Jr., Robert A; Valdes, Francisco (1980). "A Search for Natural or Artificial Objects Located at the Earth-Moon Libration Points". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/SearchIcarus1980.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
23.^ Valdes, Francisco \ last2=Freitas Jr. (1983). "A Search for Objects near the Earth-Moon Lagrangian Points". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/SearchIcarus1983.htm.
24.^ Valdes, Francisco \ last2=Freitas Jr. (1986). "A Search for the Tritium Hyperfine Line from Nearby Stars". http://www.rfreitas.com/Astro/TritiumSearch1986.htm.
25.^ Jones, Eric (March 1985). ""Where is everybody?", An account of Fermi's question". Los Alamas National Laboratory. http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/la-10311-ms.pdf. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
26.^ "How old is ET". Acta Astronautica 2-9: 731–733. 2000.
27.^ Tough, Allen (2000). When SETI Succeeds: The Impact of High-Information Contact. Bellevue, Washington: Foundation For the Future. ISBN 0-9677252-2-4.
28.^ "NOVA Online – Death Star". PBS. 2002. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/gamma/. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
29.^ Trotman, Clive (2004). The Feathered Onion — Creation of Life in the Universe. Wiley. ISBN 0470871873.
30.^ http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7262/full/461316a.html
31.^ Williams, Peter S. "If SETI is Science and UFOlogy Is Not, Which Is Intelligent Design Theory?". http://www.arn.org/docs/williams/pw_setivsufology.htm. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
32.^ Friedman, Stanton (May 2002). "UFOs: Challenge to SETI Specialists". http://www.v-j-enterprises.com/sfufovsseti.html.
33.^ Brin, David (June 2006). "Shouting at the Cosmos". Lifeboat Foundation. http://lifeboat.com/ex/shouting.at.the.cosmos. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
34.^ Carrigan Jr., Robert A. (June 2006). "Do potential SETI signals need to be decontaminated?". Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. http://home.fnal.gov/~carrigan/SETI/SETI_Hacker_AC-03-IAA-8-3-06.pdf.
35.^ Almár, Ivan. "The San Marino Scale". International Academy of Astronautics [http://iaaseti.org/smiscale.htm.
36.^ Zaitsev, Alexander L. (September 2007). "Sending and searching for interstellar messages". 58th International Astronautical Congress. http://fire.relarn.ru/126/docs/iac_07_a4_2.02.pdf.
37.^ Zaitsev, Alexander L. (April 2008). "Detection probability of terrestrial radio signals by a hostile super-civilization". Journal of Radio Electronics 5. http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/may08/2/text_e.html.
[edit] External links
Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence
The eerie silence Expanding the parameters of the search for technological and evolutionary footprints of extrasolar civilizations , beyond only radio signals. (Physics World). Mar 2, 2010.
Series of 90 videos of SETI Talks, by setiinstitute on YouTube
Passage of radiation through wormholes of arbitrary shape by R. A. Konoplya, and A. Zhidenko
[edit] Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: SETI

McConnell, Brian; Chuck Toporek (2001). Beyond Contact: A Guide to SETI and Communicating with Alien Civilizations. O'Reilly. ISBN 0-596-00037-5.
Perelmuter, J.M. (2006). The Sinusoidal Spaghetti. iUniverse. ISBN 0-595-41713-2.
MJ Carlotto (2007). "Detecting Patterns of a Technological Intelligence in Remotely Sensed Imagery". J British Interplanetary Society 60: 28–39. http://spsr.utsi.edu/articles/markjbis2007.pdf.
John B Campbell (2006). "Archaeology and direct imaging of exoplanets". in C. Aime & F. Vakili. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. Cambridge University Press. pp. 247 ff. ISBN 0-521-85607-8. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/1027/1/S1743921306009392a.pdf.
Frank White: The Seti Factor – How the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Is Changing Our View of the Universe and Ourselves. Walker & Company, New York 1990, ISBN 978-0-8027-1105-2
David W. Swift: Seti Pioneers — Scientists Talk about Their Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence. Univ. of Arizona Press, Tucson 1993, ISBN 0-8165-1119-5
P.Morrison, J.Billingham, J.Wolfe: The search for extraterrestrial intelligence-SETI. NASA SP, Washington 1977
[show]v • d • eRadio astronomy

Category:Radio telescopes

Main articles Astronomical interferometer · Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) · Radio telescope · Radio window · Astronomical radio source


Notable radio
telescopes Single dish Arecibo Observatory (Puerto Rico) · Effelsberg Telescope (Germany) · Yevpatoria RT-70 (Ukraine) · Galenki RT-70 (Russia) · Suffa RT-70 (Uzbekistan) · Green Bank Telescope (West Virginia, USA) · Lovell Telescope (UK) · Parkes Observatory (Australia)


Interferometers Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA, Australia) · Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA, California, USA) · European VLBI Network (Europe) · Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT, India) · Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN, UK) · Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST, Australia) · One-Mile Telescope (UK) · Very Large Array (VLA, New Mexico, USA) · Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA, USA) · Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT, Netherlands)

Proposed / under
construction Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, China) · Allen Telescope Array (ATA, California, USA) · Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA, Chile) · Low Frequency Array (LOFAR, Netherlands) · Murchison Widefield Array (MWA, Australia) · Primeval Structure Telescope (PaST, China) · Square Kilometre Array (SKA, tbd)

Observatories Algonquin Radio Observatory (Canada) · Haystack Observatory (USA) · Jodrell Bank Observatory (UK) · Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (UK) · National Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA) · Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science (SAORAS, Russia)

People Arthur Covington · Antony Hewish · Karl Guthe Jansky · Bernard Lovell · Jan Oort · Groete Reber · Martin Ryle

Related articles Cosmic microwave background radiation · SETI · Interferometry · Radio propagation · Aperture synthesis · Wow! signal

Optical astronomy · Submillimetre astronomy · Infrared astronomy · High-energy astronomy

[show]v • d • eExtraterrestrial life

Events and objects ALH84001 · Close encounter · Murchison meteorite · Radio source SHGb02+14a · Shergotty meteorite · Wow! signal


Extraterrestrial
bodies Solar System Europa · Mars · Titan · Enceladus


Extrasolar Earth analog · Gliese 581 c · Gliese 581 d · Gliese 581 e

Communication Allen Telescope Array · Arecibo Observatory · Bracewell probe · Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence · Darwin space mission · ExoMars · Lincos (language) · Pioneer plaque · Project Cyclops · Project Ozma · Project Phoenix · SERENDIP · SETI · SETI@home · Active SETI

Related topics Astrobiology · Astroecology · Biosignature · Brookings Report · Catalog of Nearby Habitable Systems · Exopolitics · Exotheology · Extraterrestrials in fiction · Extraterrestrial liquid water · Habitable zone · Habitability of red dwarf systems · Hypothetical types of biochemistry · Interstellar communication · Noogenesis · Planetary habitability · Planetary protection · San Marino Scale · Shermer's Last Law · Silencium universi · Xenoarchaeology · Xenolinguistics

Theories Ancient astronauts · Aurelia and Blue Moon · Back-contamination · Cosmic pluralism · Drake equation · Fermi paradox · Great Filter · Kardashev scale · Mediocrity principle · Neocatastrophism · Panspermia · Rare Earth hypothesis · Sentience quotient · Zoo hypothesis

Missions Mars sample return mission · Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher

Exhibitions The Science of Aliens


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Wow! signal
Although the Wow! signal remains unexplained, Paul Shuch of the SETI League has made the interesting observation that. Either the Wow! signal was the ...
www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/W/Wow.html - Cached - Similar

Wow! signal
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

An anomalous, narrow-band burst of radio noise picked up on August 15, 1977, during SETI observations by the Big Ear of the Ohio State University Radio Observatory. The signal, which lasted 37 seconds and came from the direction of Sagittarius, attracted the attention of Ohio State astronomer Jerry Ehman, who scrawled "Wow!" in the margin of the print-out. It was, said Ehman
... the strangest signal I had ever seen ... At first, I thought it was an earth signal reflected from space debris, but after I studied it further, I found that couldn't be the case.
The signal was near the 21-centimeter line (1,420-MHz) of hydrogen, where all radio transmissions are prohibited both on and off the Earth by international agreement; it covered only a narrow spread of frequencies unlike the broad-band emission typical of most natural radio sources; and it came from beyond the distance of the Moon. The nearest star in the direction the telescope was pointing is 220 light-years (68 parsecs) away. A source at this distance using a transmitting dish as big as the Arecibo radio telescope (the largest in the world) would require a 2.2 gigawatt transmitter-extraordinarily powerful but not out of the question. Another possibility is that a much weaker signal from a more remote source may have experienced gravitational microlensing by an intervening star. More than 100 subsequent searches of the same region of sky have failed to recover the signal. However, this is not surprising. A telescope such as the Big Ear listens to only about one millionth of the sky at a time and a similar dish on another planet would broadcast to only about one millionth of the sky. The chance of an alignment between receiver and transmitter, therefore, would only be about one in a trillion. On the other hand, it is possible that many such, similarly strong, intermittent and highly directional signals, are arriving at the Earth every day. Although the Wow! signal remains unexplained, Paul Shuch of the SETI League has made the interesting observation that
Either the Wow! signal was the intercepted radiation from another civilization, or it's a previously undiscovered astrophysical phenomenon. Either possibility is mind-boggling.
The Wow! signal is used as a benchmark for calibrating the sensitivity of systems being used in Project Argus. See false alarms, in SETI.

 

Damn Interesting • The “Wow!” Signal - 10:47am
WOW! Signal It's no rare occurrence in science fiction: The introverted researcher working the graveyard shift at a SETI radio observatory jumps out of his ...
www.damninteresting.com/the-wow-signal - Cached - Similar

The “Wow!” Signal
Written by Alan Bellows on 14 March 2007
This should be our last classic article before we return to our normal posting schedule… thanks for your patience! This one originally appeared on 03 January 2006.

It’s no rare occurrence in science fiction: The introverted researcher working the graveyard shift at a SETI radio observatory jumps out of his seat in surprise when the red light blinks on the control panel. “We’re getting a signal!” he shouts into a phone as needles dance across paper chart recorders, and scientists rapidly converge on the scene. At some point someone yells, “Get me the President!” at the person whose job it is to get presidents.

On August 15th, 1977, such a signal was received at the Big Ear radio observatory in Ohio, though the ensuing drama was considerably more subdued. The volunteer who spotted the pattern on the paper logs circled the data and wrote “Wow!” in the margin. The radio telescope was observing space as part of the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program, and it was the most compelling signal the receiver had recorded in its fourteen years of operation. It was powerful enough to push the Big Ear’s monitoring device off the charts.

The signal came from the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, and lasted seventy-two seconds at about 1420.456 MHz before it faded away. The volunteer who found and circled the data in the paper printout was Jerry Ehman, who was amazed at the signal’s intensity and what a narrow range of frequencies it appeared in. Seventy-two seconds also happened to be the exact length of time it would take for the Earth to rotate the Big Ear through a signal from space. He did some analysis of the data, and by all indications this powerful, narrowband radio signal was from outside of our solar system. But was it sent by an advanced civilization?

Curiously, the signal was picked up by only one of the scope’s two detectors. When the second detector covered the same patch of sky three minutes later, it heard nothing. This indicated either the unlikely possibility that the first beam had detected something that wasn’t there, or that the source of the signal had been shut off or redirected in the intervening time. The observatory researchers trained their massive scope on that part of the sky for a full month, watching closely for a repeat of the mysterious signal. Nothing interesting was observed during those thirty days, yet scientists were at a loss for an explanation of the original event. Planning to return to that patch of sky periodically, the Big Ear continued its broader purpose.

Several times over the next twenty years, longtime SETI researcher Robert Gray and his colleague Kevin B. Marvel arranged for further scans of that region of space. They managed to obtain some time on the META array at the Oak Ridge Observatory in Massachusetts, and the extremely sensitive Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico, which is made up of twenty-seven 25-meter radio dishes. They detected some extremely faint sources of radio emissions in the infamous patch of sky, but nothing like that of the “Wow!” signal. However their findings did essentially disprove the only working theory as to the cause of the original event: “interstellar scintillation.” It was thought that perhaps some weaker radio signal from space had been temporarily focused on the Big Ear in a way similar to stars twinkling… but the VLA is sensitive enough that it would have detected such a source, and it did not.

The Big Ear maintained its periodic scan of that part of space for almost forty years, and never again came across such a compelling signal. It was dismantled in 1998 to make way for a golf course.

“Wow” remains the strongest and clearest signal ever received from an unknown source in space, as well as the most fascinating and unexplainable. The signal’s original discoverer Jerry Ehman doesn’t care to speculate on its source, and he remains scientifically skeptical. “Even if it were intelligent beings sending a signal,” he said in an interview, “they’d do it far more than once. We should have seen it again when we looked for it 50 times.”

Perhaps. But consider that when humankind used the Arecibo radio telescope to send a message out into space in 1974, it was only sent once.

Further reading:
Explanation of the Code “6EQUJ5″ On the Wow! Computer Printout

 

 

The Wow! signal | COSMOS magazine
7 Apr 2010 ... He circled the code for later reference and added a single comment in the margins" "Wow!" The signal entered SETI lore as the "Wow!" signal. ...
www.cosmosmagazine.com/features/online/3385/the-wow-signal - Cached
Features · Cosmos Online
Feature - online
The Wow! signal
7 April 2010by Amir Alexander

The Planetary Report

The most famous signal in SETI history was detected on the night of 15 August 1977 at the Ohio State University Big Ear Observatory. Has anything happened since?

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Single page print view

Jerry Ehman, a professor at Franklin University in Columbus, looked at the printout from Big Ear Observatory and circled the standout signal "6EQUJ5" and scribbled "Wow!" in the margins.

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As on every other night, while Big Ear was searching the skies for an alien signal, its observations were being recorded on a printout sheet.

A long list of letters and numbers was continuously being churned out, one long string for every one of the 50 channels scanned by the telescope.

A series of characters appeared recording an unusual transmission at the frequency of channel 2: "6EQUJ5" the list read. This startled Big Ear volunteer Jerry Ehman, a professor at Franklin University in Columbus, who was monitoring the readings that night.

He circled the code for later reference and added a single comment in the margins" "Wow!" The signal entered SETI lore as the "Wow!" signal.

The series "6EQUJ5" described the strength of the received signal over a short time-span. In the system used at the time at Big Ear, each number from 1 to 9 represented the signal level above the background noise.

In order to extend the scale, the staff added letters, with each one from A to Z representing increasingly stronger signal levels. 6EQUJ5 represented a signal that grew in strength to level "U," and then gradually subsides.

In more familiar notation, the signal increased from zero to level 30 "sigmas" above the background noise, and then decreased again to zero, all in the span of 37 seconds.

Two aspects of this signal immediately caught the attention of Ehman and project director John Kraus, who saw the results the following morning.

First of all, 37 seconds was precisely the time it takes the Big Ear scanning beam to survey a given point in the heavens.

Because of this, any signal coming from space would follow precisely the "Wow!" signal's pattern - increasing and then decreasing over 37 seconds. This practically ruled out the possibility that the signal was the result of Earthly radio interference.

Secondly, the signal was not continuous, but intermittent. Kraus and Ehman knew that, because Big Ear has two separate beams that scan the same area of the sky in succession, several minutes apart. But the signal appeared on only one of the beams and not on the other, indicating that it had been 'turned off' between the two scans. A strong, focused, and intermittent signal coming from outer space: could it be that Big Ear had detected an alien signal?

12Continued on next page

Readers' comments
Add new comment
Wow Signal
I honestly believe that the signal he saw was that of alien being's. He was at the right place at the right time. It is funny that we never heard it again. MY opinion is that he detected life from somewhere else. Fantastic and Outstanding.

Kenny (St. Louis)

Submitted by Visitor on 9 April 2010 - 2:22am.
replyTheories
Just want to make two points

I see a big problem. The big ear was designed to recieve ETI transmissions, which it did. There is no reason to doubt that it did. You can't deny evidence that it did. It's like smelling smoke and assuming nothing's burning. A tool was built to gather evidence and it did. To deny it's existence would just be wrong.

There are many reasons why the signal could have been what it was. Maybe there was a single transmission between a space-ship and it's mother planet that we just happened to pick up. We have no idea what caused it, or for that matter, what exactly it was. All we really know is that it was a focused radio transmission, and that it really happened!

I also have a question. Would a nuclear explosion in deep space cause a signal like this?

Submitted by Visitor on 27 April 2010 - 6:11am.
replyET Phoned From Home
Could be we have proof of aleins all along. And plenty of reasons we never found the signla again. ET could have been transmititng an intergalatic HEY (We wanted to, but a lot of people feared it'd leave evil aliens to us so they could invade), hoping some laienr ace would receive and respond. The sent their signal, and we picked it up. Maybe the time constraints msised several repeated signals. Then ET simply stopped beaming in our direction. Maybe we caught the last signal sent and 5 others were braodcats before it? Best bet would be for us to broadcats our own Yo, anybody dial us? in their general direction.

Submitted by Visitor on 9 April 2010 - 11:01am.
replyWow!
Wow! Can't wait 'til someone finally makes contact. Great movie by the way! Book is pretty good too!

Submitted by Visitor on 10 April 2010 - 12:14am.
replyThe Wow Signal
I am not doubtful that Big Ear detected a transmission from an ET technologically advanced society. It is mathematically impossible for there not to be an abundance of highly evolved animal worlds, in raw numbers, in our galaxy of 200 to 300 billion stars, a sizeable percentage of which our space science is finding to have planetary systems which in turn likely have moon systems. Logically, many of these worlds would be older and younger than and near in age to our star and planet and will have life forms, of all inconceivable and conceivable kinds, that are more and less advanced than our species and that also will be of commensurate intelligence as the ranges of individual intelligence of our species. Some of these worlds may have co-existing different species with both overlapping and radically different advanced abilities or intelligences. Heck, there may be long-lived and highly evolved subsurface life on Mars, the asteroid-belt dwarf planet Ceres, the Jovian moon Europa or the moons Enceladus or Titan of Saturn.

If an advanced ET intelligence transmitted a signal to our science technocracy advertising its existence, probably top national security authorities would want to control or hide this fact to avail our technocracy and national security of advantage over foreign competitor science technocracies and private, and other dangerous and irresponsible (superstitious, hysterical, paranoid and bigoted), interests and forces among our species in making further contact and building rapport with such life that could very well greatly benefit our science, medicine and technology, and our industrial, political, social and military power.

Submitted by Visitor on 12 April 2010 - 9:18am.
replyRe: The Wow Signal
I'm sorry but that post is somewhat ridiculous. The Fermi Paradox/Great Silence Problem strikes at those same 'large number' arguments: if life is so easy, then the number of valid entities which are predicted should mean that in a MW galaxy that is 100,000 light years across there should, given our late arrival on the scene, be quite a few civilizations whose narrow-band signals should have been seen.

Even assuming current, 'slow' interstellar travel is the only physically allowable means, a civilization can COLONIZE the galaxy in between 5 and 50 Million years as calculated by Crawford (we won't even touch on von Neumann expansion). During which time, the civilization would expend huge energetic costs that we'd likely see. Yet, we don't. Not even one.

It is not "mathematically impossible for there not to be an abundance of highly evolved animal worlds" -- that is incorrect, I'm sorry. Given the "big numbers" your touting, there should be many, may "highly evolved" species, yet we don't see this. Where are they? Obviously, there is a "Great Filter" as Hanson stated, and while I can't say if it on the conditions which allow simple life to start or evolved life to emerge -- the reality is they just aren't there when we look.

I mean, these statistical responses begging the scale of the universe irk me. Try picking 'the' correct vacuum state out of M-theory, it's something like 1 out of 10^500. Yet, we did it.

The concept of us being somewhat special and unique isn't ignorant, but -- perhaps unfortunately -- the most probable hypothesis given the 50 year and ever expanding sample.

- Vince

Submitted by Visitor on 12 April 2010 - 2:13pm.
replyRe: Vince's Reply to Comment on the Wow Signal
To the public reading this article and Vince's comment, consider that there are two categories of people with which one cannot have a rational or reasonable argument: liars and the verifiably stupid! Stupid is stupid no matter how pedantic or literate it may be. Is Vince a techno-babble anthropocentric, divine-design, God-squad science-site patroller, foreclosing ideologically on probability and reality undesirable or incompatible with his indoctrination and religious text? With the discovery of so much H2O throughout our galaxy and of many stars (planetary system heater, light and energy sources) similar to our own in our galaxy and the common presence of planetary systems associated with stars of all kinds and the universal distribution of the same chemical elements and compounds as pervade and permeate our own solar system, planet and galaxy, just add the already existing time factor and the omnipresent processes of evolution to this mix for genesis and development of highly evolved life forms, and it is a common-sense inevitable fact to our space science and objective and critical science-minded thinkers that an abundance of life forms, even advanced life forms, must exist and will be proven to exist as our technology for detecting and observing them, if not communicating with some of them, sufficiently advances -- our space science and technology are in their infancy (less than one hundred years ago we did not have electrical lights, toilets, cars, airplanes, refrigerators, radio, stereo systems, TV, vaccines, nuclear power, space satellites and spacecraft, computers, cell phones, etc.). Indeed the concept of our species as being singularly technological or intellectual is based on sheer ignorance, as our other hominid ancestors, progenitors and relatives, including the extinct Neanderthals (with an average substantially larger brain size than that of modern humans and that did and made everything as our species except for draw and make painting while our different versions of homo sapiens co-existed as recently as 30,000 years ago), were systematic technology innovators and inventors, and there are other creative and low-tech species on our planet, far behind humans in the sophistication of their products, like honeybees, various ant species, spiders, beavers, squirrels, birds, gorillas, chimpanzees, etc., but more advanced than most other species in this regard and in some instances perhaps on the path to higher technological evolution that we cannot grasp.

Advanced civilizations may have already closely observed our planet and deemed it unsuitable for contact, due to our recent past's technological inferiority, and found it impractical to travel here given the extreme distance and time costs to get here and return home and given more practical or nearby other ET travel options in their own vicinities. Clusters of highly advanced, nearby civilizations may be abuzz in contacts among themselves.

Also and again, within our own solar system the environmental conditions on the subsurface of Mars (which belches or radiates methane gas, often associated with life, from its ground), Ceres, especially Europa, Enceladus and possibly even Titan are credible to very serious extraterrestrial prospects for life as we know and don't know it, as in the case of Titan.

We are absolutely not alone nor nature's best. I do say that there is an infinitely greater chance of abundant ET intelligent life within our galaxy than there is the deity or deities of any human scriptures, which is not to say that there is no G/god as we don't recognize or don't know (fully) it, akin to nature or levels of nature, with a higher nature.

Submitted by Visitor on 12 April 2010 - 9:14pm.
replyIgnoring the ad hominem....
While a fascinating post, like the other responses here which parallel the same thinking, it doesn't address the problems which are ubiquitous. You are great at laying down a hypothesis, but horrible at testing it...

It needs to be noted that even on earth, the one system that is guaranteed to contain all the factors necessary for the emergence of life, it has happened exactly once in the 3.8 Billion years. And we know this to a high probability, no matter where we look we find the same conserved information scaffold and within that, the same conserved genes.

Where, is the alternative life? You posit that given the "discovery of so much H2O" and the similar stars (I assume you're pointing to main sequence stars), life must be everywhere.... fine. But, then prove the hypothesis by showing where disparate life has been formed.

Where is the evidence that even here the creation of life wasn't a one-off event? Or do you propose that nature is so bland that Schrodinger's "aperiodic crystals" can only be embodied in B-DNA, with the same exact RNA precursors?

At what point will you stop waxing on about how big and how perfect the conditions must be for life to emerge (and "Clusters of highly advanced, nearby civilizations" at that!) all across the universe and finally ask yourself where are they?

Can you honestly believe that even a few of these advanced civilizations have emerged in our MW galaxy and done it without a trace? Did they not advance along the same EM spectrum as we did? We have been an industrial civilization for ~200 years and our energy usage has exponentially increased, nor will it stop increasing. Given our relatively late arrival, how can we not look upwards and see the narrowband transmissions of a single civilization that has advanced beyond us on the Kardashev scale....

And believing that, without any evidence, is even more ridiculous than believing some bullshit sacred text.

- Vince

Submitted by Visitor on 14 April 2010 - 5:51am.
replyvince
"And believing that, without any evidence, is even more ridiculous than believing some bullshit sacred text."

The fact we are here, is a form of evidence that life exists in the universe. Even if it is just us. The concrete evidence of life (us) is not more ridiculous than believing that the Earth is 6,000 years old (sacred text).

Your blind ridicule of belief in ET, is just as extreme as the alien freaks and UFO nuts.

To not be open to the possibility that there could be extrasolar life, is just closed minded. Mind you there might not be life out there, but the possibility is still there. It's just a matter of technology, and ours is very primitive in energy scales, we still burn dead plants and animals for fuel.
If advanced civilisations harnessed plank energy or the power of the galactic core, how would we detect or understand what we are seeing when we don't have an understanding of that technology.
It's like a dog trying to understand radio signals, it's beyond their comprehension.

Just saying, the possibility is there.

Peace,
no quizzle

Submitted by Visitor on 14 April 2010 - 1:52pm.
reply

 

 

Search ResultsWow! signal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Wow! signal was a strong narrowband radio signal detected by Dr. Jerry R. Ehman on August 15, 1977, while working on a SETI project at The Big Ear radio ...

 

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Wow! signal
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search

The WOW! Signal
Credit: The Ohio State University Radio Observatory and the North American AstroPhysical Observatory (NAAPO).The Wow! signal was a strong narrowband radio signal detected by Dr. Jerry R. Ehman on August 15, 1977, while working on a SETI project at The Big Ear radio telescope of Ohio State University.[1] The signal bore expected hallmarks of potential non-terrestrial and non-solar system origin. It lasted for a total of 72 seconds, the full duration Big Ear observed it, but has not been detected again. Much attention has been focused on it in the media when talking about SETI results.

Amazed at how closely the signal matched the expected signature of an interstellar signal in the antenna used, Ehman circled the signal on the computer printout and wrote the comment "Wow!" on its side. This comment became the name of the signal.[1]

Contents [hide]
1 Interpretation of the paper chart
2 Location of the signal
3 Time variation
4 Searches for recurrence of the signal
5 Speculations on the signal's origin
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

[edit] Interpretation of the paper chart
The circled letter code 6EQUJ5 describes the intensity variation of the signal. A space denotes an intensity between 0 and 1, the numbers 1 to 9 denote the correspondingly numbered intensities (from 1.000 to 10.000), and intensities of 10.0 and above are denoted by a letter ('A' corresponds to intensities between 10.0 and 11.0, 'B' to 11.0 to 12.0, etc.). The value 'U' (an intensity between 30.0 and 31.0) was the highest detected by the telescope, on a logarithmic scale it was over 30 times louder than normal deep space.[1] The intensity in this case is the unitless signal-to-noise ratio, where noise was averaged for that band over the previous few minutes.[2]

Two different values for its frequency have been given: 1420.356 MHz (J. D. Kraus) and 1420.4556 MHz (J. R. Ehman). The frequency 1420 is significant for SETI searchers because, it is reasoned, hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, and hydrogen resonates at about 1420 Mhz, thus extraterrestrials might use that frequency on which to transmit a strong signal.[1] The frequency of the Wow! signal matches very closely with the hydrogen line, which is at 1420.40575177 MHz. The bandwidth of the signal is less than 10 kHz (each column on the printout corresponds to a 10 kHz-wide channel; the signal is only present in one column).

The location of the signal in the constellation Sagittarius, near the Chi Sagittarii star group. Because of the design of the experiment, the location may lie in either one of the two red bands, and there is also significant uncertainty in the declination (vertical axis). For clarity, the widths of the red bands are not drawn to scale; they should actually be narrower.The original print out of the WOW signal, complete with Jerry Ehman's famous exclamation, is preserved by the Ohio Historical Society.[3]

[edit] Location of the signal
Determining a precise location in the sky was complicated by the fact that the Big Ear telescope used two feed horns to search for signals, each pointing to a slightly different direction in the sky following Earth's rotation; the Wow! signal was detected in one of the horns but not in the other, although the data were processed in such a way that it is impossible to determine in which of the two horns the signal entered. There are therefore two possible right ascension values:

19h22m24.64s ± 5s (positive horn)
19h25m17.01s ± 5s (negative horn)
The declination was unambiguously determined to be −27°03′ ± 20′. The preceding values are all expressed in terms of the B1950.0 epoch.[4]

Converted into the J2000.0 epoch, the coordinates become RA= 19h25m31s ± 10s or 19h28m22s ± 10s and declination= −26°57′ ± 20′

This region of the sky lies in the constellation Sagittarius, roughly 2.5 degrees south of the fifth-magnitude star group Chi Sagittarii.

[edit] Time variation

Plot of signal strength vs timeThe Big Ear telescope was fixed and used the rotation of the Earth to scan the sky. At the speed of the Earth's rotation, and given the width of the Big Ear's observation "window", the Big Ear could observe any given point for just 72 seconds. A continuous extraterrestrial signal, therefore, would be expected to register for exactly 72 seconds, and the recorded intensity of that signal would show a gradual peaking for the first 36 seconds—until the signal reached the center of Big Ear's observation "window"— and then a gradual decrease.

Therefore, both the length of the Wow! signal, 72 seconds, and the shape of the intensity graph may correspond to a possible extraterrestrial origin.[5]

[edit] Searches for recurrence of the signal
The signal was expected to appear three minutes apart in each of the horns, but this did not happen.[5] Ehman unsuccessfully looked for recurrences of the signal using Big Ear in the month after the detection.[6]

In 1987 and 1989, Robert Gray searched for the event using the META array at Oak Ridge Observatory, but did not re-detect it.[6]

In 1995 and 1996, Gray also searched for the signal using the Very Large Array, which is significantly more sensitive than Big Ear.[6]

Gray and Dr. Simon Ellingsen later searched for recurrences of the event in 1999 using the 26m radio telescope at the University of Tasmania's Mount Pleasant Radio Observatory.[7] Six 14-hour observations were made at positions in the vicinity, but did not detect anything similar to the Wow! signal.[5]

[edit] Speculations on the signal's origin
Interstellar scintillation of a weaker continuous signal—similar, in effect, to atmospheric twinkling—could be a possible explanation, although this still would not exclude the possibility of the signal being artificial in its nature. However, even by using the significantly more sensitive Very Large Array, such a signal could not be detected, and the probability that a signal below the Very Large Array level could be detected by the Big Ear radio telescope due to interstellar scintillation is low.[6] Other speculations include a rotating lighthouse-like source, a signal sweeping in frequency, or a one time burst. Some have also suggested it could have come from a moving space vehicle of extraterrestrial origin.

Ehman has stated his doubts that the signal is of intelligent extraterrestrial origin: "We should have seen it again when we looked for it 50 times. Something suggests it was an Earth-sourced signal that simply got reflected off a piece of space debris."[8]

He later recanted his skepticism somewhat, after further research showed an Earth-bound signal to be very unlikely, due to the requirements of a space-borne reflector being bound to certain unrealistic requirements to sufficiently explain the nature of the signal.[9] Also, the 1420 MHz signal is problematic in itself in that it is "protected spectrum": it is bandwidth in which terrestrial transmitters are forbidden to transmit.[10][11] In his most recent writings, Ehman resists "drawing vast conclusions from half-vast data."

[edit] See also
Quasar CTA-102, which was believed by Dr. Nikolai S. Kardashev to have an extraterrestrial signal encoded in it before further examination proved it to be a quasar, the first widely reported work of SETI activity.
Pulsar LGM-1 ("Little Green Men 1"), the first pulsar signal to be recognised.
Radio source SHGb02+14a
[edit] References
1.^ a b c d "Aliens Found In Ohio? The 'Wow!' Signal", by Robert Krulwich, NPR, May 29, 2010
2.^ Ehman, Jerry. "Explanation of the Code "6EQUJ5" On the Wow! Computer Printout". http://www.bigear.org/6equj5.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
3.^ http://ohiohistory.wordpress.com/2010/07/03/wow/
4.^ Gray, Robert; Kevin Marvel (2001). "A VLA Search for the Ohio State 'Wow'". The Astrophysical Journal 546 (2): 1171–1177. doi:10.1086/318272. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/318272.
5.^ a b c Shostak, Seth (2002-12-05). "Interstellar Signal From the 70s Continues to Puzzle Researchers". Space.com. http://www.space.com/searchforlife/seti_shostak_wow_021205.html.
6.^ a b c d Alexander, Amir (2001-01-17). "The 'Wow!' Signal Still Eludes Detection". The Planetary Society. http://www.planetary.org/news/2001/0117_The_Wow_Signal_Still_Eludes.html.
7.^ Gray, Robert; S. Ellingsen (2002). "A Search for Periodic Emissions at the Wow Locale". The Astrophysical Journal 578 (2): 967–971. doi:10.1086/342646. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/342646.
8.^ Kawa, Barry (1994-09-18). "The Wow! signal". Cleveland Plain Dealer. http://www.bigear.org/wow.htm. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
9.^ Jerry R. Ehman (February 3, 1998). "The Big Ear Wow! Signal. What We Know and Don't Know About It After 20 Years". http://www.bigear.org/wow20th.htm. Retrieved February 27, 2010
10.^ "Frequencies Allocated to Radio Astronomy Used by the DSN". NASA. http://dsnra.jpl.nasa.gov/freq_man/ra_freqs.html. Retrieved November 2007.
11.^ Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies Handbook for Radio Astronomy, European Science Foundation, 3rd edition, 2005, p. 101.
[edit] External links
Ehman, J. R. (2007). The Big Ear Wow! Signal (30th Anniversary Report)
Location on Google Sky
locationon YourSky
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Category:Radio telescopes

Main articles Astronomical interferometer · Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) · Radio telescope · Radio window · Astronomical radio source


Notable radio
telescopes Single dish Arecibo Observatory (Puerto Rico) · Effelsberg Telescope (Germany) · Yevpatoria RT-70 (Ukraine) · Galenki RT-70 (Russia) · Suffa RT-70 (Uzbekistan) · Green Bank Telescope (West Virginia, USA) · Lovell Telescope (UK) · Parkes Observatory (Australia)


Interferometers Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA, Australia) · Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA, California, USA) · European VLBI Network (Europe) · Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT, India) · Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN, UK) · Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST, Australia) · One-Mile Telescope (UK) · Very Large Array (VLA, New Mexico, USA) · Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA, USA) · Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT, Netherlands)

Proposed / under
construction Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, China) · Allen Telescope Array (ATA, California, USA) · Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA, Chile) · Low Frequency Array (LOFAR, Netherlands) · Murchison Widefield Array (MWA, Australia) · Primeval Structure Telescope (PaST, China) · Square Kilometre Array (SKA, tbd)

Observatories Algonquin Radio Observatory (Canada) · Haystack Observatory (USA) · Jodrell Bank Observatory (UK) · Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (UK) · National Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA) · Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science (SAORAS, Russia)

People Arthur Covington · Antony Hewish · Karl Guthe Jansky · Bernard Lovell · Jan Oort · Groete Reber · Martin Ryle

Related articles Cosmic microwave background radiation · SETI · Interferometry · Radio propagation · Aperture synthesis · Wow! signal

Optical astronomy · Submillimetre astronomy · Infrared astronomy · High-energy astronomy

[show]v • d • eExtraterrestrial life

Events and objects ALH84001 · Close encounter · Murchison meteorite · Radio source SHGb02+14a · Shergotty meteorite · Wow! signal


Extraterrestrial
bodies Solar System Europa · Mars · Titan · Enceladus


Extrasolar Earth analog · Gliese 581 c · Gliese 581 d · Gliese 581 e

Communication Allen Telescope Array · Arecibo Observatory · Bracewell probe · Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence · Darwin space mission · ExoMars · Lincos (language) · Pioneer plaque · Project Cyclops · Project Ozma · Project Phoenix · SERENDIP · SETI · SETI@home · Active SETI

Related topics Astrobiology · Astroecology · Biosignature · Brookings Report · Catalog of Nearby Habitable Systems · Exopolitics · Exotheology · Extraterrestrials in fiction · Extraterrestrial liquid water · Habitable zone · Habitability of red dwarf systems · Hypothetical types of biochemistry · Interstellar communication · Noogenesis · Planetary habitability · Planetary protection · San Marino Scale · Shermer's Last Law · Silencium universi · Xenoarchaeology · Xenolinguistics

Theories Ancient astronauts · Aurelia and Blue Moon · Back-contamination · Cosmic pluralism · Drake equation · Fermi paradox · Great Filter · Kardashev scale · Mediocrity principle · Neocatastrophism · Panspermia · Rare Earth hypothesis · Sentience quotient · Zoo hypothesis

Missions Mars sample return mission · Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher

Exhibitions The Science of Aliens


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The "Wow!" Signal
By Barry Kawa

Jerry Ehman, the "Big Ear" volunteer who in 1977 saw one of the strongest signals ever detected, poses beside the radio telescope.

From the Cleveland Plain Dealer
Sunday Magazine section, September 18, 1994

As he had done a thousand times, Jerry Ehman glanced over the Big Ear's computer printouts, not really expecting to find anything unusual.

But what Ehman saw on that Aug. 15, 1977 - and his startled reaction - would be recorded in radio astronomy textbooks and discussed by researchers to this day.

Click here for explanation of the code.

The Columbus man saw a signal so strong that it catapulted the Big Ear's recording device off the chart. An excited Ehman scribbled "Wow!" on the printout, a tag that is indelibly linked to the recording.

"I mean, without thinking, I wrote 'Wow!' " Ehman recalls. "It was the most significant thing we had seen."

Could it be man's first contact with extraterrestrial intelligence? Ohio State University researchers weren't sure. They trained the massive scope on that part of the sky for the next month, and have returned periodically since.

The signal hasn't been recorded again. And although many point to it as a possible extraterrestrial intelligence sighting, Ehman remains less convinced.

"Even if it were intelligent beings sending a signal, they'd do it far more than once," Ehman, now 54, says. "We should have seen it again when we looked for it 50 times. Something suggests it was an Earth-bound signal that simply got reflected off a piece of space debris." [Note. In actuality, the number of observations at that declination and nearby declinations totaled just over 100.]

Ehman was working as a volunteer then. He had worked at OSU as an assistant professor in electrical engineering and astronomy, but when the National Science Foundation cut its funding to the Big Ear in 1972, Ehman was let go, although he stayed on on a volunteer basis.

He then worked as a professor at Franklin University in Columbus, until his retirement about a year ago [1993]. Ehman recently rejoined the Big Ear's volunteer staff.

Jerry Ehman
Now, Ehman is a mini-celebrity. Other volunteers ask him about the famous "Wow!" signal and it's often mentioned in the meetings. Journalists call him whenever they write about the Big Ear.

"I just wish when I talked to journalists, there was really something more to say about it. I'd like to say, 'Gee, that's a signal from extraterrestrial intelligence," Ehman says with a laugh. "I honestly can't do that."

Ehman's scientific training won't let him spin a good yarn. But, he says if the Big Ear staff could have detected the "Wow!" signal again, they might have been able to identify it.

So, until some listener is knocked off his seat again and the "Wow!" signal is rediscovered, Ehman's finding remains only a curious historical footnote.

"I can speculate, too, but there's nothing to back it up," Ehman adds

 

 

THE CITIZEN

WAKEFIELD

City of Wakefield Metropolitan District Council

Issue 26 July/August 2006

THE PAPER FOR THE DISTRICT'S RESIDENTS

Page 11

"WOW What's On in Wakefield District"

"DIARY OF FORTHCOMING EVENTS"

 

 

FIRST CONTACT

THE SEARCH FOR EXTRA TERRESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE

Edited by Ben Nova and Byron Preiss 1990

Page 256

"Two types of unexplained signals were detected during this search. The first kind is quite rare, with the best example being the 'Wow' signal found in 1977. This /Page 257/ name was unintenionally applied from Jerry Ehman's comments in the margin of the computer printout when he noticed the signal. The signal was unmistakably strong and had all the characteristics of an extra-terrestrial signal."

"We searched in the direction of the 'Wow!' signal hundreds of times after its discovery and over a wide frequency range. We never found the signal again.

"...the 'Wow signal was received only once..."

"What was the wow signal? Probably we will never know."

 

 

About 1,180,000 results (0.38 seconds) Search ResultsWow! signal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Wow! signal was a strong narrowband radio signal detected by Dr. Jerry R. Ehman on August 15, 1977, while working on a SETI project at The Big Ear radio ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal - Cached - Similar

Big Ear Radio Observatory - About The Wow! Signal
In 1997 shortly after the 20th anniversary of the arrival of the "Wow!" signal (on August 15, 1977), Dr. Jerry Ehman wrote a report about that signal. ...
www.bigear.org/wowmenu.htm - CachedBig Ear Radio Observatory - Wow! 20th Anniversary Report
Jump to Intermittency, Duration, and Modulation of Signal‎: A few years later, when the same strip of sky was again scanned many times, the Wow! signal ...
www.bigear.org/wow20th.htm - Cached - Similar

Show more results from www.bigear.orgVideos for 'Wow' signal
WOW Signal
1 min - 7 Dec 2007
Uploaded by coffee300am
www.youtube.com


The WOW Signal
1 min - 22 Jun 2009
Uploaded by SX2012
www.youtube.com

Damn Interesting • The “Wow!” Signal
WOW! Signal It's no rare occurrence in science fiction: The introverted researcher working the graveyard shift at a SETI radio observatory jumps out of his ...
www.damninteresting.com/the-wow-signal - Cached - Similar

The Wow! signal | COSMOS magazine
7 Apr 2010 ... He circled the code for later reference and added a single comment in the margins" "Wow!" The signal entered SETI lore as the "Wow!" signal. ...
www.cosmosmagazine.com/features/online/3385/the-wow-signal - Cached

Aliens Found In Ohio? The Wow! Signal : NPR
29 May 2010 ... The six numbers and letters of the "Wow!" signal, in a vertical ... SETI scientists traced the Wow signal to an area just northwest of M55, ...
www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId... - Add to iGoogleWow! signal
Either the Wow! signal was the intercepted radiation from another civilization, or it's a previously undiscovered astrophysical phenomenon. ...
www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/W/Wow.html - Cached - Similar

The sewage engineer, the 'Wow! Signal' and the proof that there ...
18 Feb 2010 ... An amazing experiment answered the question of alien life on the Red Planet 34 years ago - but was forgotten by Nasa.
www.dailymail.co.uk/.../The-sewage-engineer-Wow-Signal-proof-really-IS-life-Mars.html - Similar

Stephen Hawking's Universe: The WOW Signal : Video : Discovery Channel
16 Apr 2010 ... On August 16, 1977, a radio telescope in Ohio picked up the only signal that could have an alien source.
dsc.discovery.com/.../stephen-hawkings-universe-the-wow-signal.html - CachedTimeline results for 'Wow' signal1977 ... none is better known than the one that was discovered in August, 1977, in Columbus, Ohio . The famous Wow signal was found as part of a long ...
www.space.com

1977 The signal landed once on Aug. 15, 1977. It never repeated. And yet, the “Wow!” signal is the only reliably recorded sound apparently received from ...
arbiit.wordpress.com
More timeline results »

 

 

THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN

Thomas Mann 1875-1955

Page 466

"Had not the normal, since time was, lived on the achievements of the abnormal? Men consciously and voluntarily descended into disease and madness, in search of knowledge which, acquired by fanaticism, would lead back to health; after the possession and use of it had ceased to be conditioned by that heroic and abnormal act of sacrifice. That was the true death on the cross, the true Atonement.

 

 

WAY OF THE PEACEFUL WARRIOR

A

BOOK THAT CHANGES LIVES

Dan Millman 1980

Page 44

"...do you recall that I told you we must work on changing your mind before you can see the warrior's way? / Page 45 /

"Yes, but I really don't think. . ."
"Don't be afraid," he repeated. "Comfort yourself with a say­ing of Confucius," he smiled. " 'Only the supremely wise and the ignorant do not alter.' " Saying that, he reached out and placed his hands gently but firmly on my temples.
Nothing happened for a moment-then suddenly, I felt a growing pressure in the middle of my head. There was a loud buzzing, then a sound like waves rushing up on the beach. I heard bells ringing, and my head felt as if it was going to burst. That's when I saw the light, and my mind exploded with its brightness. Something in me was dying-I knew this for a certainty-and something else was being born! Then the light engulfed everything."

 

 

THE WASTE LAND

and other poems 

T. S. Elliot 1940

Page 13

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

"I AM LAZARUS, COME FROM THE DEAD, COME BACK TO TELL YOU ALL I SHALL TELL YOU ALL"

 

 

THE LURE AND ROMANCE OF ALCHEMY.

A history of the secret link between magic and science

1990
C. J. S.Thompson

Page# 31 / 32

note 1 Julius Ruska ,Tabula Smaragdini 1926

"THE EMERALD TABLE OF HERMES: "

"True it is, without falsehood certain most true.That which is
above is like to that which is below, and that which is below is like
to that which is above, to accomplish the miracles of one thing.
And as in all things whereby contemplation of one, so in all things
arose from this one thing by a single act of adoption.
The father thereof is the Sun the mother the Moon.
The wind carried it in its womb,the earth is the source thereof.
It is the father of all works throughout the world.
The power thereof is perfect.
If it be cast on to earth, it will separate the element of earth
from that of fire, the subtle from the gross.
With great sagacity it doth ascend gently from earth to heaven.
Again it doth descend to earth and uniteth in itself from
things superior and things inferior.
Thus thou wilt possess the brightness of the world, and all
obscurity will fly far from thee.
This thing is the strong fortitude of all strength, for it over-
cometh every subtle thing and doth penetrate every solid substance.
Thus was this world created.
Hence will there be marvellous adaptations achieved of which
the manner is this.
For this reason I am called Hermes Trismegistus because I hold
three parts of the wisdom of the whole world.
That which I had to say about the operation of Sol is completed."

 

9

I

SAY

IS THIS THE OTHER SIDE OF THE GREAT DIVIDE

?

NO ITS OVER THERE

IVE

JUST BEEN OVER THERE AND THEY SAID IT WAS OVER HERE

9

 

Tempest's Epilogue

"You do look, my son, in a moved sort,
As if you were dismayed; be cheerful, sir.
Our revels now are ended. These our actors,
As I foretold you, were all spirits and
Are melted into air, into thin air;
And, like the baseless fabric of this vision,
The cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous palaces,
The solemn temples, the great globe itself,
Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve,
And, like this insubstantial pageant faded,
Leave not a rack behind. We are such stuff
As dreams are made on, and our little life
Is rounded with a sleep."

William Shakespeare 1564-1616

 

 

WHY SMASH ATOMS

A. K. Solomon 1940

Page 77

"ONCE THE FAIRY TALE HERO HAS PENETRATED THE RING OF FIRE ROUND

THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN

HE IS FREE TO WOO THE HEROINE IN HER CASTLE ON THE MOUNTAIN TOP"

 

 

THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN

Thomas Mann 1875 -1955

Page 466

"HAD NOT THE NORMAL, SINCE TIME WAS, LIVED ON THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE ABNORMAL?

MEN CONSCIOUSLY AND VOLUNTARILY DESCENDED INTO DISEASE AND MADNESS, IN SEARCH OF

KNOWLEDGE WHICH AQUIRED BY FANATICISM, WOULD LEAD BACK TO HEALTH; AFTER THE

POSSESSION AND USE OF IT HAD CEASED TO BE CONDITIONED BY THAT HEROIC AND ABNORMAL

ACT OF SACRIFICE. THAT WAS THE TRUE DEATH ON THE CROSS, THE TRUE ATONEMENT."

 

AT ONE MENTALLY ME I ME MENTALLY AT ONE

 

 

THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS

J. M. Allegro 1956

Page 152

"IN THAT DAY I WILL RAISE UP THE TABERNACLE OF DAVID THAT IS FALLEN"

 

 

Every breath you take Every move you make Every bond you break Every step you take Ill be watching you Every single day Every word you say ... www.lyricsfreak.com/p/police/every+breath+you+take

 

EVERY BREATH YOU TAKE

Every breath you take Every move you make Every bond you break Every step you take

Ill be watching you

Every single day Every word you say Every game you play Every night you stay

Ill be watching you

Oh, cant you see You belong to me How my poor heart aches With every step you take

Every move you make Every vow you break Every smile you fake Every claim you stake

Ill be watching you

Since youve gone I been lost without a trace I dream at night I can only see your face

I look around but its you I cant replace I feel so cold and I long for your embrace I keep crying baby, baby, please...

Oh, cant you see You belong to me How my poor heart aches With every breath you take

Every move you make Every vow you break Every smile you fake Every claim you stake

Ill be watching you

Every move you make Every step you take

Ill be watching you Ill be watching you Ill be watching you Ill be watching you Ill be watching you

 

 

Freiheit - Keeping The Dream Alive lyrics. From the Original Motion Picture ... In my fantasy I remember their faces The hopes we had were much too high ... www.lyricsmode.com/lyrics/f/freiheit/keeping_the_dream_alive.html

Tonight the rain is falling
Full of memories of people and places
And while the past is calling
In my fantasy I remember their faces

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

I hear myself recalling
Things you said to me
The night it all started
And still the rain is falling
Makes me feel the way
I felt when we parted

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one
The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

I need you
I love you

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one

The hopes we had were much too high
Way out of reach but we have to try
No need to hide no need to run
'Cause all the answers come one by one

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The game will never be over
Because we're keeping the dream alive

The game will never be over

Mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm.

 

 

FRATERNAL GREETINGS CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF NINE GATES

FRATERNAL GREETINGS CITIZENS OF PLANET EARTH
 
FRATERNAL GREETINGS CITIZENS OF THE UNIVERSE
 
FRATERNAL GREETINGS UNIVERSAL CITIZENS

FRATERNAL GREETINGS O HUMAN MIND OF GOD
 
SALUTATIONS AND HOLY GREETINGS UPON ALL SENTIENT BEINGS OF THE GOOD PLANET EARTH

EVER R DIVINE THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND LOVE EVER R  LOVE AND LIGHT LIGHT AND LOVE

GOD GODDESS GOODNESS  GO DO GOOD DO GO GOODNESS GODDESSS GOD

 

 

Did Spacemen Colonise the Earth?

Robin Collyns 1974

Page 206

"FINIS"

 

 

THE MAGIC MOUNTAIN

Thomas Mann 1924

THE THUNDERBOLT

Page 715

"There is our friend, there is Hans Castorp! We recognize him at a distance, by the little beard he assumed 'while sitting at the " bad" Russian table. Like all the others, he is wet through and glowing. He is running, his feet heavy with mould, the bayonet swinging in his, hand. Look! He treads on the hand of a fallen comrade; with his hobnailed boot he treads the hand deep into the slimy, branch-strewn ground. But it is he. What, singing? As one sings, unaware, staring stark ahead, yes, thus. he spends his hurrying breath, to sing half soundlessly:

"And loving words I've carven
Upon its branches fair-"

He stumbles, No, he has flung himself down, a hell-hound is coming howling, a huge explosive shell, a disgusting sugar-loaf from the infernal regions. He lies with his face in the cool mire, legs. sprawled out, feet twisted, heels turned down. The product of a perverted science, laden with death, slopes earthward thirty paces in front of him and buries its nose in the ground; explodes inside there, with hideous expense of power, and raises up a fountain high as a house, of mud, fire, iron, molten metal, scattered fragments of humanity. Where it fell, two youths had lain, friends who in their need flung themselves down together - now they are scattered, commingled and gone.
Shame of our shadow-safety! Away! No more!-But our friend? Was he hit? He thought so, for the moment. A great clod of earth struck him on the shin, it hurt, but he smiles at it. Up he gets, and staggers on, limping on his earth-bound feet, all unconsciously singing:

"Its waving branches whiispered
A message in my ear -"

and thus, in the tumult, in the rain, in the dusk, vanishes out of our sight.
Farewell, honest Hans Castorp, farewell, Life's delicate child!
Your tale is told. We have told it to the end, and it was neither short nor long, but hermetic. We have told it for its own sake, not for yours, for you were simple. But after all, it was your story, it befell you, you must have more in you than we thought; we will not disclaim the pedagogic weakness we conceived for / Page 716 / you in the telling; which could even lead us to press a finger delicately to our eyes at the thought that we shall see you no more, hear you no more for ever.
Farewell - and if thou livest or diest! Thy prospects are poor. The desperate dance, in which thy fortunes are caught up, will last yet many a sinful year; we should not care to set a high stake on thy life by the time it ends. We even confess that it is without great concern we leave the question open. Adventures of the flesh and in the spirit, while enhancing thy simplicity, granted thee to know in the spirit what in the flesh thou scarcely couldst have done. Moments there were, when out of death, and the rebellion of the flesh, there came to thee, as thou tookest stock of thyself, a dream of love. Out of this universal feast of death, out of this extremity of fever, kindling. the rain-washed evening sky to a fiery glow, may it be that Love one day shall mount?

FINIS OPERIS